Current chemotherapy drugs prolong the life of patients with metastatic castration resistance prostate cancer, but the treatment is not curative and has severe side effects due to systemic toxicity and low drug efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drug delivery methods that make the chemotherapy treatment more efficient and selective against the tumor tissue. In this project several nanomedicine-based approaches for delivery of the taxane cabazitaxel, a drug used in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer, will be investigated. The project focuses particularly on biodegradable nanocarriers, and both manufactured nanoparticles based on poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) and naturally occurring nanovesicles, so-called extracellular vesicles, will be used. In vitrostudies in cell lines will be performed first to measure the toxicity, uptake and efficiency of the encapsulated drug. Then, the biodistribution and effect of the most promising nanocarriers will be studied in animal models. The successful development of more efficient nanomedicine-based drug delivery methods resulting in milder side effects will have a great impact on prostate cancer patients. Furthermore, the results of the project may also have an impact on patients with other cancer types that are treated with cabazitaxel and other taxanes.