Preben Sørheim

• Sørheim, Preben; Barra, Mathias; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Gamlund, Espen & Solberg, Carl Tollef (2024). Premature Death as a Normative Concept. Health Care Analysis. ISSN 1065-3058. doi: 10.1007/s10728-023-00471-x. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The practical goal of preventing premature death seems uncontroversial. But the term ‘premature death’ is vague with several, sometimes conflicting definitions. This ambiguity results in several conceptions with which not all will agree. Moreover, the normative rationale behind the goal of preventing premature deaths is masked by the operational definition of existing measures. In this article, we argue that ‘prema- ture death’ should be recognized as a normative concept. We propose that normative theories should be used to justify measures of premature death to provide them with normative validity and public legitimacy.

• Pedersen, Jørgen & Sørheim, Preben (2020). Reform av formuesskatten. Norsk Filosofisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0029-1943. 55(02-03), p. 141–156. doi: 10.18261/issn.1504-2901-2020-02-03-05. Full text in Research Archive
• Solberg, Carl Tollef; Sørheim, Preben; Muller, Karl Erik; Gamlund, Espen; Norheim, Ole Frithjof & Barra, Mathias (2020). The devils in the DALY: Prevailing evaluative assumptions. Public Health Ethics. ISSN 1754-9973. 13(3), p. 259–274. doi: 10.1093/phe/phaa030. Show summary

  In recent years, it has become commonplace among the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study authors to regard the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) primarily as a descriptive health metric. During the first phase of the GBD (1990–1996), it was widely acknowledged that the DALY had built-in evaluative assumptions. However, from the publication of the 2010 GBD and onwards, two central evaluative practices—time discounting and age-weighting—have been omitted from the DALY model. After this substantial revision, the emerging view now appears to be that the DALY is primarily a descriptive measure. Our aim in this article is to argue that the DALY, despite changes, remains largely evaluative. Our analysis focuses on the understanding of the DALY by comparing the DALY as a measure of disease burden in the two most significant phases of GBD publications, from their beginning (1990–1996) to the most recent releases (2010–2017). We identify numerous assumptions underlying the DALY and group them as descriptive or evaluative. We conclude that while the DALY model arguably has become more descriptive, it remains, by necessity, largely evaluative.

• Solberg, Carl Tollef; Sørheim, Preben & Gamlund, Espen (2016). En tapt fremtid : den filosofiske debatten om døden som et onde. Arr - Idéhistorisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0802-7005. 28(2), p. 3–15.

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• Solberg, Carl Tollef; Sørheim, Preben & Engelsen, Thea Cecilie (2024). ETHME: The Ethics of Mortality Measurement .
• Solberg, Carl Tollef; Sørheim, Preben; Norheim, Ole Frithjof & Barra, Georg Mathias Honore (2020). Helseprioriteringer under en pandemi. Agenda Magasin.
• Solberg, Carl Tollef; Sørheim, Preben; Norheim, Ole Frithjof & Barra, Georg Mathias Honore (2020). Helseprioriteringer under en pandemi. Agenda Magasin.
• Sørheim, Preben (2019). Er norsk våpeneksport moralsk forsvarleg? Magasinet Motvind. 1(1), p. 45–47.
• Solberg, Carl Tollef & Sørheim, Preben (2019). The Devils in the DALY: A Review of Prevailing Evaluative Assumptions.
• Solberg, Carl Tollef; Sørheim, Preben & Gamlund, Espen (2016). En tapt fremtid (reprint) . Salongen – nettidsskrift for filosofi og idéhistorie. ISSN 2703-7053.
• Urnes, Nina Julia; Sørheim, Preben; Muller, Karl Erik & Solberg, Carl Tollef (2019). Mitigating antimicrobial resistance: Evaluating high-income countries’ responsibilities through the liability model and the social connection model. Universitetet i Bergen. Show summary

  Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when changes in the microorganisms diminish the ability of antimicrobials to treat infections. AMR is an increasing public health problem that ought to be mitigated in order to preserve the essential role of antimicrobials in modern medicine. Mitigation of AMR involves both securing rational use and ensuring access. In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance which recognises that even if nations have varying resources for mitigating AMR, the corresponding responsibilities are vaguely pronounced. The aim of this thesis is to explore whether high-income countries (HICs) ought to take a larger share of the responsibilities for mitigating AMR than low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To do this, I apply the philosopher Iris Marion Young’s social connection model (SCM) for responsibility. By using a method called reflective equilibrium, I approach this issue by examining why the so-called traditional liability model for responsibility is less suited and how the SCM is more applicable for attributing responsibility for mitigating AMR. I argue that the SCM supports that HICs ought to take a larger share of the responsibility for mitigating AMR. In the end, I interpret the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance in light of the SCM and find that it encourages a forward-looking approach and that the responsibility is shared, but the kinds and degrees are not explicitly pronounced. Finally, I conclude that HICs ought to take a larger responsibility for mitigating AMR.

• Sørheim, Preben; Gamlund, Espen & Solberg, Carl Tollef (2015). Antiepikuristiske essays: Ein kritisk undersøking av epikurisme om død, velferd og tid. Universitetet i Bergen.

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