Publications from Institute of Health and Society

• Moen, Kent Gøran; Flusund, Anne-Mari Holte ; Moe, Hans Kristian; Andelic, Nada; Skandsen, Toril & Håberg, Asta [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2024). The prognostic importance of traumatic axonal injury on early MRI: the Trondheim TAI-MRI grading and quantitative models. European Radiology. ISSN 0938-7994. doi: 10.1007/s00330-024-10841-1.
• Randel, Kristin Ranheim; Schult, Anna Lisa; Botteri, Edoardo; Nawaz, Mobina; Nguyen, Dung Hong & Holme, Øyvind [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). Impact of inadequate bowel cleansing in sigmoidoscopy screening. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2364213. Show summary

  Background and study aims: Long-time follow-up of sigmoidoscopy screening trials has shown reduced incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC), but inadequate bowel cleansing may hamper efficacy. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of bowel cleansing quality in sigmoidoscopy screening. Patients and methods: Individuals 50 to 74 years old who had a screening sigmoidoscopy in a population-based Norwegian, randomized trial between 2012 and 2019, were included in this cross-sectional study. The bowel cleansing quality was categorised as excellent, good, partly poor, or poor. The effect of bowel cleansing quality on adenoma detection rate (ADR) and referral to colonoscopy was evaluated by fitting multivariable logistic regression models. Results: 35,710 individuals were included. The bowel cleansing at sigmoidoscopy was excellent in 20,934 (58.6%) individuals, good in 6580 (18.4%), partly poor in 7097 (19.9%) and poor in 1099 (3.1%). The corresponding ADRs were 17.0%, 16.6%, 14.5%, and 13.0%. Compared to participants with excellent bowel cleansing, those with poor bowel cleansing had an odds ratio for adenoma detection of 0.66 (95% confidence interval 0.55-0.79). We found substantial differences in the assessment of bowel cleansing quality among endoscopists. Conclusions: Inadequate bowel cleansing reduces the efficacy of sigmoidoscopy screening, by lowering ADR. A validated rating scale and improved bowel preparation are needed to make sigmoidoscopy an appropriate screening method.

• Huang, Yu-Han; Loftfield, Erikka; Argirion, Ilona; Adami, Hans Olov; Albanes, Demetrius & Chan, Andrew T. [Show all 37 contributors for this article] (2024). Association of tea and coffee consumption and biliary tract cancer risk: The Biliary Tract Cancers Pooling Project. Hepatology. ISSN 0270-9139. 79(6), p. 1324–1336. doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000748.
• Romańczyk, Marcin; Ostrowski, Bartosz; Lesińska, Magdalena; Wieszczy, Paulina; Pawlak, Katarzyna Monika & Kurek, Krzysztof [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2024). The prospective validation of a scoring system to assess mucosal cleanliness during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. ISSN 0016-5107. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2024.01.012.
• Blakstad, Hanne Kristin; Mireles, Eduardo Erasmo Mendoza; Kierulf-Vieira, Kirsten Strømme; Singireddy, Divija; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Heggebø, Liv Cathrine [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2024). The impact of cancer patient pathway on timing of radiotherapy and survival: a cohort study in glioblastoma patients. Journal of Neuro-Oncology. ISSN 0167-594X. doi: 10.1007/s11060-024-04709-z.
• Merkus, Suzanne; Hoff, Rune; Hasting, Rachel Louise; Undem, Karina; Robroek, Suzan J.W. & Gran, Jon Michael [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2024). Gender and educational differences in work participation and working years lost in Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. ISSN 0355-3140. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4166. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objectives This study aimed to quantify the duration of work participation and reasons for working years lost, according to gender and educational attainment, among a Norwegian population. Methods Register data on labor market attachment between 2000–2015 were obtained from Statistics Norway. We included five cohorts: individuals turning 20 (N=323 333), 30 (N=386 006), 40 (N=388 962), 50 (N=358 745), and 60 years (N=284 425) between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2005. Individuals were followed for ten years. Data completeness allowed calculation of the average time spent in work and years lost to healthrelated absences and non-employment states per cohort. Changes in state probabilities over time were also depicted. Mean differences between genders and educational levels, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were based on 1000 bootstrap samples. Results Both genders spent most time in work; however, per cohort, women worked approximately one year less than men. As cohorts aged, main reasons for working years lost changed from education and economic inactivity to sickness absence and disability pensioning; this trend was stronger for women than men. Individuals with a low education spent fewer years in work and more years in sickness absence and disability pensioning than highly educated peers. This difference tended to be larger for women and older cohorts. Conclusions Per cohort, women participated one year less in work than men and, depending on age, spent more time in education, economic inactivity, sickness absence, and disability pensioning. Stronger educational gradients were seen for work and health-related absences for older cohorts and women.

• Frey Esgård, Veronica; Lindman, Ida; Brænd, Anja Maria; Fossum, Guro Haugen; Lundberg, Thorbjörn & Moberg, Anna [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). Diagnostic methods and written advice for acute otitis media in primary health care. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. ISSN 0281-3432. doi: 10.1080/02813432.2024.2352444.
• Flusund, Anne-Mari Holte ; Bø, Lars Eirik; Reinertsen, Ingerid; Solheim, Ole Skeidsvoll; Skandsen, Toril & Håberg, Asta [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). Lesion Frequency Distribution Maps of Traumatic Axonal Injury on Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging After Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Associations to 12 Months Outcome. Journal of Neurotrauma. ISSN 0897-7151. doi: 10.1089/neu.2023.0534.
• Amin, Ridwanul; Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor; Undem, Karina; Mehlum, Ingrid Sivesind & Hasting, Rachel Louise (2024). Does country of resettlement influence the risk of labor market marginalization among refugees? A cohort study in Sweden and Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. ISSN 0355-3140. 50(4), p. 279–289. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4154. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objectives This study aimed to compare the risk of labor market marginalization among refugees across different host countries of resettlement and examine the moderating role of birth country and length of stay on these associations. Methods Cohorts of refugees and native-born individuals aged 19–60 in Sweden (N=3 605 949, 3.5% refugees) and Norway (N=1 784 861, 1.7% refugees) were followed during 2010–2016. Rates (per 1000 person-years) of long-term unemployment, long-term sickness absence, and disability pension were estimated for refugees and the host populations. Cox regression models estimated crude and adjusted (for sex, age, educational level, and civil status) hazard ratio (HRadj) for refugees compared to their respective host population, with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Analyses were also stratified by birth country and length of stay. Results Refugees in Norway and Sweden had a higher incidence of labor market marginalization compared to their host population. Refugees in Sweden had a comparatively lower relative risk of long-term unemployment but higher risk of disability pension (HRadj 3.44, 95% CI, 3.38–3.50 and HRadj 2.45, 2.35–2.56, respectively) than refugees in Norway (HRadj 3.70, 3.58–3.82 and HRadj 1.57, 1.49–1.66, respectively). These relative risks varied when stratifying by birth country. A shorter length of stay was associated with a higher risk of long-term unemployment and a lower risk of disability pension, with a stronger gradient in Sweden than in Norway. Conclusions The relative risk of labor market marginalization varied by the refugees’ birth country but followed similar trends in Sweden and Norway. Although speculative, these findings may hint at non-structural factors related to the refugee experience playing a more important role than host country structural factors for the risk of labor market marginalization among refugees. Future research, including host countries with more variability in structural factors, is required to further investigate these associations. The higher risk of long-term unemployment among refugees with shorter length of stay indicates a need for more efficient labor market integration policies for newly-arrived refugees.

• Gamboa, Danil; Kabashi, Saranda; Jørgenrud, Benedicte Marie; Lerdal, Anners; Nordby, Gudmund & Bogstrand, Stig Tore (2024). Is alcohol and psychoactive medication use associated with excess hospital length-of-stay and admission frequency? A cross-sectional, observational study. BMC Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1471-227X. 24(1). doi: 10.1186/s12873-024-00979-y.
• Helsingen, Lise Mørkved; Langeland, Eline Aurvoll; Pisani, Synne Eline Rotihaug; Vandvik, Per Olav; Haavardsholm, Espen A. & Malt, Ulrik Fredrik [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2024). Glansbilder av nasjonale faglige retningslinjer fra Helsedirektoratet. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 144(5). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.24.0141.
• Mikaelsen, Jan Rune; Jakobsen, Rune Bruhn; Røtterud, Jan H & Randsborg, Per-Henrik (2024). Body Mass Index Did Not Affect the Risk of Revision 3-9 Years After Total Knee Replacement Surgery. Arthroplasty Today. ISSN 2352-3441. 27. doi: 10.1016/j.artd.2024.101376.
• Bockhop, Fabian; Greving, Sven; Zeldovich, Marina; Krenz, Ugne; Cunitz, Katrin & Timmermann, Dagmar [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2024). Applicability and clinical utility of the German rivermead post-concussion symptoms questionnaire in proxies of children after traumatic brain injury: an instrument validation study. BMC Neurology. ISSN 1471-2377. 24(1). doi: 10.1186/s12883-024-03587-2.
• Ørbo, Hilde Sofie Sager; Hammersbøen, Kristin Reine; Sexton, Joseph; Jyssum, Ingrid; Tveter, Anne Therese & Christensen, Ingrid Egeland [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2024). Incidence and outcome of COVID-19 following vaccine and hybrid immunity in patients on immunosuppressive therapy: identification of protective post-immunisation anti-RBD antibody levels in a prospective cohort study. RMD Open. ISSN 2056-5933. 10(2). doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003545.
• Brandvold, Malin; Rustøen, Tone; Småstuen, Milada Cvancarova; Stubberud, Jan Egil; van den Boogaard, Mark & Hofsø, Kristin (2024). Inter-rater agreement between patient- and proxy-reported cognitive functioning in intensive care unit patients: A cohort study. Australian Critical Care. ISSN 1036-7314. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2024.03.003.
• Gjøra, Linda; Strand, Bjørn Heine; Bergh, Sverre; Bosnes, Ingunn; Johannessen, Aud & Livingston, Gill [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). Prevalence and Determinants of Diagnosed Dementia: A Registry Linkage Study Linking Diagnosis of Dementia in the Population-Based HUNT Study to Registry Diagnosis of Dementia in Primary Care and Hospitals in Norway. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. ISSN 1387-2877. 99(1), p. 363–375. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240037.
• Jølstad, Odd Borgar; Stenmarck, Mille Sofie & Barra, Mathias (2024). Preparing popular views for inclusion in a reflective equilibrium: A case study on illness severity. Social Science and Medicine. ISSN 0277-9536. 348. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116794.
• Nyhagen, Ragnhild; Egerod, Ingrid; Rustøen, Tone; Lerdal, Anners & Kirkevold, Marit (2024). Family Members' Engagement in Symptom Communication, Assessment, and Management in the Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. ISSN 0730-4625. 43(3), p. 111–122. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000637.
• Herweijer, Eva; Hu, Kejia; Wang, Jiangrong; Lu, Donghao; Sparén, Pär & Adami, Hans Olov [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). Incidence of oncogenic HPV infection in women with and without mental illness: A population-based cohort study in Sweden. Nature Methods. ISSN 1548-7091. 21(3), p. 1–16. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004372.

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• Tyrihjell, Johannes Bjørnstad; Godager, Geir; Pedersen, Kine; Værnø, Susanne Gerda; Gundersen, Martine Bergh & Nyen, Johanne elise [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2024). Evaluering av tiltak i allmennlegetjenesten: Evalueringsrapport III. Oslo Economics. Full text in Research Archive

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