Senter for medisinsk etikk

• Kleppe, Lars Kåre Selland; Myskja, Audun X. & Solberg, Carl Tollef (2024). Hva lærte vi egentlig av Covid-19? Vis sammendrag

  Koronapandemien ble en brutal vekker for verdenssamfunnet. Den viste at på tross av den rivende vitenskapelige og medisinske utvikling det siste århundret må vi fortsatt være på vakt for nye sykdommer. Selv om antibiotika har uskadeliggjort mange bakterieinfeksjoner og visse virus er nesten utryddet, er det til enhver tid epidemier som herjer ulike steder på kloden. Hiv og aids er fortsatt en stor utfordring, ebola var en stor trussel for noen år siden, den årlige influensaepidemien rammer opp til en halv million mennesker Norge årlig. Men influensavirusets nære slektning SARS-COV-2 stengte hele verden ned. I månedsvis måtte vi holde oss informert av helsemyndighetene, som jevnlig la fram situasjonen og hvilke tiltak og forordninger som gjaldt. Mens de fleste fulgte forordningene, var en stor minoritet kritisk til myndighetenes råd og til vaksinene. Nå, når pandemien er over (men covid-19-viruset sirkulerer fortsatt!), har vi anledning til å løfte blikket og reflektere. Hva var det som skjedde? Hva er et virus, en vaksine, en epidemi? Var vi godt nok forberedt, eller burde beredskapen vært større? Ble pandemien håndtert på rett måte? Hvilke ettervirkninger ser vi av viruset? Hvor farlig er viruset i dag, og bør vi fremdeles vaksinere oss? Hva kan vi gjøre for å være forberedt til neste gang? Denne debatten følger opp Lars Kleppes foredraget Epidemiologi, virus og vaksiner. I panelet: Lars Kleppe er spesialist i infeksjonssykdommer og smittevernoverlege ved Stavanger Universitetssykehus. Han var en sentral aktør i Stavanger under Covid-19 pandemien, blant annet i forbindelse med smitteverntiltak i kommunen. Audun Myskja er lege, forfatter og musiker. Han har arbeidet som spesialist i allmennmedisin, overlege og førsteamanuensis. Nå driver han Senter for Livshjelp som tilbyr både skolemedisin og alternativ behandling. Myskja har vunnet flere priser, inkl. Den norske legeforeningens Kvalitetspris. Carl Tollef Solberg er lege, filosof og førsteamanuensis ved Senter for medisinsk etikk. Han er opptatt av grenseområdene mellom det medisinen og filosofien. Han vant Zapffe-prisen i 2022, og er tildelt ERC-stipend fra EU til å forske på grunnlagsspørsmål omkring døden og populasjonsetikk. Ordstyrer: Johanne Pontoppidan Tuxen er journalist i den danske avisen Information med fokus på vitenskapsjournalistikk. Hun har også vært freelance-journalist for Politiken i mange år. Hun er forfatter av boken «Naturvidenskaben genfortalt» (2021).

• Sheldrake, Rupert; Risan, Lars; Solberg, Carl Tollef & Raklev, Are (2024). "Emergence" - The Abracadabra-Word of Science? Vis sammendrag

  In a letter to the Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore, Albert Einstein argued that free will was an illusion. Our lives are as given by natural laws as everything else in the universe. But many naturalistic philosophers disagree. They argue that phenomena like life, sentience and even free will actually did emerge in a universe that totally lacked these phenomena. Such developments are often referred to as "emergence" - the alleged fact that totally new qualities can appear in the universe: Life emerged from inanimate matter, consciousness emerged from unconscious matter, free will emerged from a universe completely determined by natural laws. This is maybe the default stand by many scientists and educated people today. In this session we will discuss if the concept of emergence helps us understand phenomena such as consciousness, life and freedom, perhaps even morality, or if it is more or less an empty concept that does more to explain away these phenomena than to explain them. Short introduction by Lars Risan. In the panel: Rupert Sheldrake is a british biologist, philosopher, and author of more than one hundred scientific articles and nine books, including The Science Delusion. He is best known for his theory of morphic resonance. From 2005 to 2010, he was the director of the Perrott-Warrick project for the study of unexplained abilities in animals and humans, funded by Trinity College, Cambridge. Lars Risan is an anthropologist at Historical Museum, and has previously worked at the Norwegian Institute for Urban and Regional Research. Risan has written on a variety of topics. His latest book "Ulvebarna: Omsorgens naturhistorie» (2022) deals with subjects like with freedom and morality in nature and how these qualities are central in evolution of life. Carl Tollef Solberg is a medical doctor, philosopher, and associate professor at the University of Oslo. Are Raklev is a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Oslo and a prominent science communicator. His research field is particle phenomenology, and as a communicator he covers many areas within physics. Moderator: Johanne Pontoppidan Tuxen, journalist in the Danish newspaper Information with a focus on science journalism. She has also been a freelance journalist for Politiken for many years. She is the author of the book "Naturvidenskaben genfortalt" (2021).

• Solberg, Carl Tollef; Myskja, Audun X.; Sheldrake, Rupert & Purce, Jill (2024). What is death? (Today and in the future). Vis sammendrag

  "One day we will all die... but all other days we will not." Death is one of the worst things we can imagine. It can mean the end of everything. Of life, consciousness, and one's own existence. And for friends, family, and society, the one who dies is lost. At the same time, death is nothing to us. For where I am, death is not, and where death is, I am not, as Epicurus said. There is non-existence on both sides of life, both before we began to exist and after we die. Are these connected in any way? And how far should we as a society go to delay death and achieve long lives? We live both a biological and a narrative life. Biological life ends when the criteria for brain death are met. Meanwhile, the narrative afterlife gets a boost in the memorial service. Cioran also asked, with a Buddhist twist: Is it possible that existence is our exile and nothingness our home? What will modern technology do to life and death in the future? In this session, the panel reflects on what death is and how we as a society should relate to death, today and in a future with technologies that will impact both biological and narrative life. We are pleased to present a formidable panel. We envision a format of in-depth conversation, starting with each panelist having two minutes to pitch their understanding of what death is to the audience. And we promise the audience an opportunity for Q&A at the end. In the panel - Carl Tollef Solberg, doctor, philosopher, and associate professor at the Center for Medical Ethics, winner of the Zapffe Prize in 2022, awarded an ERC grant from the EU to research fundamental questions about death and population ethics Rupert Sheldrake, biologist, philosopher, and author of more than a hundred scholarly articles and nine books, including The Science Delusion, former Director of Studies in Cell Biology and research fellow at the Royal Society, from 2005 to 2010 he was the director of the Perrott-Warrick project, for studies of unexplained abilities in animals and humans, funded by Trinity College, Cambridge Audun Myskja, doctor and author, runs the Myskja Center for Life Support which offers both conventional and alternative medicine, has won several awards, including the Norwegian Medical Association's Quality Award, latest book is "Naturally Pain-Free" Moderator: Kristine Hovda, forfatter og artist

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