Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen Larstorp

• Brobak, Karl Marius; Halvorsen, Lene Vernås; Aass, Hans Christian; Søraas, Camilla Lund; Aune, Arleen & Olsen, Erik [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2024). Novel biomarkers in patients with uncontrolled hypertension with and without kidney damage. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 33(1). doi: 10.1080/08037051.2024.2323980.
• Aune, Arleen; Ohldieck, Annabel Eide; Halvorsen, Lene Vernås; Brobak, Karl Marius; Olsen, Erik & Rognstad, Stine [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2024). Gender Differences in Cardiac Organ Damage in Arterial Hypertension: Assessing the Role of Drug Nonadherence. High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention. ISSN 1120-9879. doi: 10.1007/s40292-024-00632-6.
• Heimark, Sondre; Hove, Christine; Stepanov, Alexey; Boysen, Elin Sundby; Gløersen, Øyvind & Bøtker-Rasmussen, Kasper [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2023). Accuracy and User Acceptability of 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring by a Prototype Cuffless Multi-Sensor Device Compared to a Conventional Oscillometric Device. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 32(1). doi: 10.1080/08037051.2023.2274595. Full text in Research Archive
• Heimark, Sondre; Mehlum, Maria Hollund; Mancia, Giuseppe; Søraas, Camilla Lund; Liestøl, Knut & Wachtell, Kristian [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2023). Middle-Aged and Older Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Higher Mortality With Drug Treated Systolic Blood Pressure Below 130 mm Hg. Hypertension. ISSN 0194-911X. 80(8), p. 1739–1748. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21454.
• Fjeld, Bente; Sudmann-Day, Åshild Amelie; Grimholt, Runa Marie; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Urdal, Petter & Klingenberg, Olav Inge (2022). Additional value of red blood cell parameters in predicting uncommon α-thalassemia; experience from 10 years of α-globin gene sequencing and copy number variation analysis. International Journal of Laboratory Hematology (IJLH). ISSN 1751-5521. 45(2), p. 250–259. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.14010. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Introduction The diagnosis of rare forms of α-thalassemia requires laborious genetic analyses. Accurate sample selection for such evaluation is therefore essential. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the predictive power of red blood cell parameters to detect rare forms of α-thalassemia (substudy 1), and to explore the frequency of rare versus common forms of α-thalassemia in our sample population (substudy 2). Methods In substudy 1, we reviewed all blood samples selected for extended α-hemoglobinopathy evaluation at our laboratory during 2011–2020 (n = 1217), which included DNA sequencing and/or copy number variation analysis. We assessed α-thalassemia positive samples at different levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) alone and in combination with results for red blood cell count (RBC) or red cell distribution width (RDW). In substudy 2, we examined the distribution of α-thalassemia genotypes for all samples submitted to a first-tier hemoglobinopathy evaluation at our laboratory during 2014–2020 (n = 6495). Results In substudy 1, both RBC and RDW added predictive value in detecting rare forms of α-thalassemia in samples from adults and children. In adult samples with MCH ≤ 23 pg, the presence of erythrocytosis increased the detection rate from 27% to 74% as compared to non-erythrocytosis, while normal RDW increased the detection rate from 36% to 86% as compared to elevated RDW. In substudy 2, rare forms of α-thalassemia were detected in 12% of α-thalassemia positive samples. Conclusion Initial assessment of MCH, RBC, and RDW provided valuable predictive information about the presence of rare forms of α-thalassemia during hemoglobinopathy evaluation.

• Halvorsen, Lene Vernås; Bergland, Ola Undrum; Søraas, Camilla Lund; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Hjørnholm, Ulla & Kjær, Vibeke Norheim [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2022). Nonadherence by Serum Drug Analyses in Resistant Hypertension: 7-Year Follow-Up of Patients Considered Adherent by Directly Observed Therapy. Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA). ISSN 2047-9980. 11(18). doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.025879. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Measurement of serum concentrations of drugs is a novelty found useful in detecting poor drug adherence in patients taking ≥2 antihypertensive agents. Regarding patients with treatment‐resistant hypertension, we previously based our assessment on directly observed therapy. The present study aimed to investigate whether serum drug measurements in patients with resistant hypertension offer additional information regarding drug adherence, beyond that of initial assessment with directly observed therapy. Methods and Results Nineteen patients assumed to have true treatment‐resistant hypertension and adherence to antihypertensive drugs based on directly observed therapy were investigated repeatedly through 7 years. Serum concentrations of antihypertensive drugs were measured by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry from blood samples taken at baseline, 6‐month, 3‐year, and 7‐year visits. Cytochrome P450 polymorphisms, self‐reported adherence and beliefs about medicine were performed as supplement investigations. Seven patients (37%) were redefined as nonadherent based on their serum concentrations during follow‐up. All patients reported high adherence to medications. Nonadherent patients expressed lower necessity and higher concerns regarding intake of antihypertensive medication (P=0.003). Cytochrome P450 polymorphisms affecting metabolism of antihypertensive drugs were found in 16 patients (84%), 21% were poor metabolizers, and none were ultra‐rapid metabolizers. Six of 7 patients redefined as nonadherent had cytochrome P450 polymorphisms, however, not explaining the low serum drug concentrations measured in these patients. Conclusions Our data suggest that repeated measurements of serum concentrations of antihypertensive drugs revealed nonadherence in one‐third of patients previously evaluated as adherent and treatment resistant by directly observed therapy, thereby improving the accuracy of adherence evaluation. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; unique identifier: NCT01673516.

• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Salvador, Cathrin Lytomt; Svensvik, Bjørn Andreas; Klingenberg, Olav Inge & Distante, Sonia (2022). Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C are early biomarkers of acute kidney injury associated with cardiac surgery. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. ISSN 0036-5513. 82(5), p. 410–418. doi: 10.1080/00365513.2022.2114105. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication in as much as half of the patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and early diagnosis and treatment are of the utmost importance. There is a need for robust biomarkers that can detect cardiac surgery-associated AKI (CSA-AKI) prior to rise in plasma creatinine, which typically occurs at least 48 h postoperatively. We compared pre- and 4, 12 and 48 h postoperative plasma (P) neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C, urea and creatinine, and urine (U) NGAL, as markers of AKI, in 49 patients (67% men, median age 65 years) scheduled for elective cardiac surgery (e.g. coronary artery bypass graft and/or valve replacement surgery) with the use of extracorporeal circulation. Patients with preoperative sepsis, renal replacement therapy, or estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73m2 were excluded. P- and U-NGAL were measured using the Roche Modular P (Roche Diagnostics®) NGAL immunoassay. According to AKIN/KDIGO criteria, nine patients (18%) were diagnosed with CSA-AKI. Compared to patients without CSA-AKI, these patients had significantly higher P-NGAL and P-cystatin C values 4 h (p-values .002 and <.001) and 12 h (p-values <.001 and <.001) postoperatively. The same differences were not observed for U-NGAL. Patients with AKI also had significantly higher P-creatinine 4 and 12 h postoperatively (p-values .001 and <.001), however the rise in P-creatinine was just above the upper reference limit. In conclusion, plasma NGAL and cystatin C seem to detect CSA-AKI earlier than the more commonly used biomarkers creatinine and urea.

• Thorstensen, Christian; Clasen, Per-Erik; Rognstad, Stine; Haldsrud, Renate; Føreid, Siri & Helstrøm, Trine [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2022). Development of UHPLC-MS/MS methods to quantify 25 antihypertensive drugs in serum in a cohort of patients treated for hypertension. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. ISSN 0731-7085. 219. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114908. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  We developed three ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection (UHPLC-MS/MS) methods to quantify 25 antihypertensive drugs in serum samples. Patient-reported drug lists were collected, and drug concentrations were analysed in samples from 547 patients, half with uncontrolled hypertension, and all treated with ≥ 2 antihypertensive drugs. For sample preparation, serum was mixed with deuterated internal standards and acetonitrile and precipitated. Aliquots of the supernatant were injected on UHPLC-MSMS with a C18 reversed phase column. The mobile phase was 0.1 % HCOOH (formic acid) in water and 0.1 % HCOOH in acetonitrile (except in methanol for spironolactone/canrenone) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The calibrators and internal controls were prepared in Autonorm™. The calibration ranges were wide, and the models were linear or quadratic with squared correlation coefficients ≥ 0.97. The limits of detection and quantification, specificity, carry-over, and matrix effects were acceptable. The accuracy of the internal controls was in the range 85–121 %, and the intermediate precision for all drugs was 4–28 %. The patient-reported antihypertensive drug use and the detected serum drug concentrations were in accordance with that most frequently prescribed nationally. The percent non-detectable level was 5–10 % for bendroflumethiazide, doxazosin, nifedipine, and ramipril. Often the drug dose chosen was lower than the recommended maximum daily dose. We report the maximum (Cmax) and minimum (Cmin) drug concentrations after drug intake. The inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability at Cmin was 18-fold for hydrochlorothiazide, 22-fold for losartan carboxyl acid, 26-fold for amlodipine, 44-fold for candesartan, and 50-fold for valsartan. Our methods are suitable for measuring antihypertensive drugs in patient serum for therapy control.

• Lilja-Cyron, Alexander; Bang, Casper N.; Gerdts, Eva; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Kjeldsen, Sverre & Julius, Stevo [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2022). Aortic root dilatation in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy–application of a new multivariate predictive model. The Life Study. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine (RCM). ISSN 1530-6550. 23(3), p. 1–10. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2303095. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Available nomograms to predict aortic root (AoR) diameter for body surface area have limitations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a new multivariate predictive model to identify AoR dilatation in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. Methods: 943 of 961 patients in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension (LIFE) echocardiographic sub-study had the necessary baseline characteristics and echocardiographic 2D measurements of AoR size to be included. Results: Predicted AoR (Sinus of Valsalva) diameter was 1.519 + (age [years] × 0.010) + (height [cm] × 0.010) – (gender [1 = M, 2 = F] × 0.247), and a measured AoR diameter exceeding the 97.5-percentile of this estimate was considered dilated. Measured AoR diameter was larger in men than in women (3.75 vs. 3.48 cm, p < 0.001) and AoR diameter predicted by the model was larger than predicted by nomogram (3.52 vs. 3.28 cm, p < 0.001). Using the multivariate model to identify patients with AoR dilatation, the prevalence was 13.7% in men and 12.3% in women (p = 0.537). There was consensus of AoR phenotype (normal/dilated) between model and nomogram in 92.8% of the patients. In multivariate logistic regression, AoR dilatation by model definition was predicted by presence of aortic regurgitation (OR 2.67, p < 0.001) and SD increase in age (OR 0.75, p = 0.023), pulse pressure (OR 0.64, p < 0.001), left ventricular mass index (OR 1.36, p = 0.08) and stroke volume (OR 1.45, p = 0.002), but not by body weight. Conclusions: Using the proposed model the prevalence of AoR dilatation was equal in men and women and the model seems to address the effects of gender, age and body size on AoR size.

• Bergland, Ola Undrum; Halvorsen, Lene Vernås; Søraas, Camilla Lund; Hjørnholm, Ulla; Kjær, Vibeke Norheim & Rognstad, Stine [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2021). Detection of Nonadherence to Antihypertensive Treatment by Measurements of Serum Drug Concentrations. Hypertension. ISSN 0194-911X. 78(3), p. 617–628. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17514. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Nonadherence to drugs is a challenge in hypertension treatment. We aimed to assess the prevalence of nonadherence by serum drug concentrations compared with 2 indirect methods and relate to the prescribed drug regimens in a nationwide multicenter study. Five hundred fifty patients with hypertension using ≥2 antihypertensive agents participated. We measured concentrations of 23 antihypertensive drugs using ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry and compared with patients’ self-reports and investigators’ assessment based on structured interview. We identified 40 nonadherent patients (7.3%) using serum drug concentrations. They had higher office diastolic blood pressure (90 versus 83 mm Hg, P<0.01) and daytime diastolic blood pressure (85 versus 80 mm Hg, P<0.01) though systolic blood pressures did not differ significantly. They had more prescribed daily antihypertensive pills (2.5 versus 2.1 pills, P<0.01) and total daily pills (5.5 versus 4.4 pills, P=0.03). Prescription of fixed-dose combination pills were lower among the nonadherent patients identified by serum concentrations (45.0 versus 67.1%, P<0.01). Fifty-three patients self-reported nonadherence, while the investigators suspected 69 nonadherent patients. These groups showed no or few differences in drug regimens, respectively. In summary, we detected 7.3% prevalence of nonadherence by serum drug measurements in patients using ≥2 antihypertensive agents in a nationwide study; they had higher office and ambulatory diastolic blood pressures, higher number of prescribed daily pills, more daily antihypertensive pills, and less frequent prescriptions of fixed-dose combination pills. Indirect methods showed poor overlap with serum drugs concentrations and no or minimal medication differences. Thus, serum measurements of drugs were useful in detection and characterization of nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment.

• Heimark, Sondre; Mariampillai, Julian Eek; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M.; Nortvedt, Per & Høieggen, Aud (2021). Hvordan tilnærme seg pasienter med antatt terapiresistent hypertensjon og nedsatt medikamentetterlevelse? Indremedisineren. ISSN 1891-1617. 1, p. 34–37. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.0978.
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Atar, Dan; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Halvorsen, Sigrun (2021). Comparison of a single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T measurement with the HEART score for rapid rule-out of acute myocardial infarction in a primary care emergency setting: a cohort study. BMJ Open. ISSN 2044-6055. 11(2). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046024. Full text in Research Archive
• Olsen, Eirik; Holzhauer, Björn; Julius, Stevo; Kjeldsen, Sverre; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen & Mancia, Giuseppe [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2021). Cardiovascular outcomes at recommended blood pressure targets in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to all middle-aged and elderly hypertensive study patients with high cardiovascular risk. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 30. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2020.1856642. Full text in Research Archive
• Olsen, Eirik; Holzhauer, Björn; Julius, Stevo; Kjeldsen, Sverre; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen & Mancia, Giuseppe [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2021). Cardiovascular outcomes at recommended blood pressure targets in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2020.1855968. Full text in Research Archive
• Bergland, Ola Undrum; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Søraas, Camilla Lund; Høieggen, Aud; Rostrup, Morten & Kjær, Vibeke Norheim [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2020). Changes in sympathetic nervous system activity after renal denervation: results from the randomised Oslo RDN study. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. p. 1–12. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2020.1868286. Full text in Research Archive
• Bergo, Kaja Knudsen; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Hoffmann, Pavel; Hjørnholm, Ulla; Cataliotti, Alessandro & Høieggen, Aud [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2020). Renal sympathetic denervation lowers systemic vascular resistance in true treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. p. 1–10. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2020.1789446. Full text in Research Archive
• Bergland, Ola Undrum; Søraas, Camilla Lund; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Halvorsen, Lene Vernås; Hjørnholm, Ulla & Hoffmann, Pavel [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2020). The randomised Oslo study of renal denervation vs. Antihypertensive drug adjustments: efficacy and safety through 7 years of follow-up. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. p. 1–11. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2020.1828818. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Halvorsen, Sigrun; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Atar, Dan (2020). Pre-hospital One-Hour Troponin in a Low-Prevalence Population of Acute Coronary Syndrome: OUT-ACS study. Open heart. ISSN 2053-3624. 7:e001296, p. 1–9. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2020-001296. Full text in Research Archive
• Skaaland, Helene; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Lindberg, Morten & Jacobsen, Dag (2019). Reference values for osmolal gap in healthy subjects and in medical inpatients. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. ISSN 0036-5513. doi: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1672086. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Methanol and ethylene glycol poisonings are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates if treatment is not initiated early. Since few hospitals measure these toxic alcohols on a 24/7 basis, calculation of the osmolal gap (OG) is an important diagnostic tool. The reference value for the OG lacks consensus. We, therefore, wanted to update the reference value for OG in presumed healthy subjects and study OG values in internal medicine patients. The OG was calculated in 285 patients at the Medical Clinic at Oslo University Hospital, and in 118 healthy blood donors at Vestfold Hospital Trust. OG was calculated by the formula: OG = Measured osmolality − calculated osmolality ((1.86 × s-sodium + s-glucose + s-urea)/0.93) mOsm/kg H2O. In the patients, median OG was 0 mOsm/kg H2O (interquartile range −3 to 3 mOsm/kg H2O, range −16 to103 mOsm/kg H2O). When corrected for one outlier, the central 95% interval for OG was −10 to 20. The healthy blood donors had a median OG of −1 mOsm/kg H2O (interquartile range −3 to1 mOsm/kg H2O, range −13 to 8 mOsm/kg H2O). When corrected for outliers, the reference range was −6 to 5 mOsm/kg H2O. Based on results from a healthy population, we suggest a reference value for the OG of ≤5 mOsm/kg H2O, but also recommend, based on our results from medical inpatients, to keep today's practice for suspecting poisoning with toxic alcohols at an elevated OG of ≥20 mOsm/kg H2O.

• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Stokke, Ildri Maria; Kjeldsen, Sverre; Hecht Olsen, Michael; Okin, Peter M. & Devereux, Richard B [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2019). Antihypertensive therapy prevents new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with isolated systolic hypertension: the LIFE study. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 28(5), p. 317–326. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2019.1633905. Full text in Research Archive
• Hjørnholm, Ulla; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Andersen, Marit Helen & Høieggen, Aud (2019). Directly observed therapy prior to ambulatory blood pressure measurement (DOT-HTN) in uncontrolled hypertensive patients - Effect on blood pressure, safety and patient perception. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2019.1633907.
• Talvik, Anneli; Rebora, Paola; Heinpalu-Kuum, Marika; Salerno, Sabrina; Miszkowska-Nagórna, Eliza & Liu, Xiaoqiu [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2018). Non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring as a guide to drug treatment of uncontrolled hypertensive patients: effects on home blood pressure in the BEAUTY study. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 27(6), p. 368–375. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2018.1505425.
• Hjørnholm, Ulla; Aamodt, Josephine Jeanette Mikaela; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M.; Høieggen, Aud & Andersen, Marit Helen [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Directly Observed Therapy in Hypertension (DOT-HTN). In Burnier, Michel (Eds.), Drug Adherence in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection . Springer Nature. ISSN 978-3-319-76592-1. p. 57–85. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-76593-8_6.
• Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M.; Feng, Ying-Mei; Jacobs, Lotte; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Kjeldsen, Sverre Erik & Persu, Alexandre [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). Sham or no sham control: that is the question in trials of renal denervation for resistant hypertension. A systematic meta-analysis. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 26(4), p. 195–203. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2017.1311769.
• Mariampillai, Julian Eek; Eskås, Per Anders; Heimark, Sondre; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M. & Høieggen, Aud [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension?patient?physician relationship and ethical issues. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 26(3), p. 133–138. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2016.1277129.
• Heimark, Sondre; Eskås, Per Anders; Mariampillai, Julian Eek; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Høieggen, Aud & Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M. (2016). Tertiary work-up of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 25(5), p. 312–318. doi: 10.3109/08037051.2016.1172865. Show summary

  Objective: Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH) has regained attention with development of new methods for treatment. However, the prevalence of TRH varies considerably from primary to secondary and tertiary care. We aimed to assess the prevalence of true TRH in a population of patients with apparent TRH in a university hospital setting of tertiary work-up and also investigate reasons for poor BP control and evaluate how work-up can be performed in general practice and secondary care. Methods: In this cohort study, we characterize a study population from Oslo Renal Denervation (RDN) Study. Patients (n = 83) were referred for RDN from secondary care. All patients underwent thorough medical investigation and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurements (24ABPM) after directly observed therapy (DOT). We then assessed reasons for lack of BP control. Results: Fifty-three of 83 patients did not have true TRH. Main reasons for non-TRH were poor drug adherence (32%), secondary hypertension (30%) and white coat hypertension (15%). Forty-seven percent achieved blood pressure control after DOT with subsequent 24ABPM. There were otherwise no statistically significant differences in patient characteristics between the true TRH and the non-TRH group. Conclusion: Despite being a highly selected cohort referred for tertiary work-up of apparent TRH, BP control was achieved or secondary causes were identified in almost two thirds of the patients. Thorough investigation according to guidelines and DOT with subsequent 24ABPM is needed in work-up of apparent TRH.

• Eskås, Per Anders; Heimark, Sondre; Mariampillai, Julian Eek; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M. & Høieggen, Aud (2016). Adherence to medication and drug monitoring in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 25(4), p. 199–205. doi: 10.3109/08037051.2015.1121706. Show summary

  Poor drug adherence is one of the main reasons for the failure to achieve treatment targets in hypertensive patients. In patients who receive pharmacological treatment, assessment of drug adherence is of the utmost importance. The aim of this review is to present an update of the methods available to reveal and monitor non-adherence in patients with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. Methods for monitoring adherence are divided into indirect and direct methods. The indirect methods are mainly based on self-reported adherence and can easily be manipulated by the patient. Directly observed therapy and therapeutic drug monitoring are examples of direct methods. There are limitations and advantages to all of the methods, and because of the patient’s ability to manipulate the outcome of indirect methods, direct methods should be preferred. Therapeutic drug monitoring and directly observed therapy with subsequent ambulatory blood pressure measurement are considered to be reliable methods and should be used more in the routine assessment of patients with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension.

• Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M.; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Kjeldsen, Sverre Erik; Persu, Alexandre; Jin, Yu & Staessen, Jan A (2015). Renal sympathetic denervation after Symplicity HTN-3 and therapeutic drug monitoring in severe hypertension. Frontiers in Physiology. ISSN 1664-042X. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00009.
• Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M.; Rebora, Paola; Talvik, Anneli; Salerno, Sabrina; Miszkowska-Nagórna, Eliza & Liu, Xiaoqiu [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2015). A randomized and controlled study of noninvasive hemodynamicmonitoring as a guide to drug treatment of uncontrolled hypertensive patients. Journal of Hypertension. ISSN 0263-6352. 33(12), p. 2534–2545. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000749.
• Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M.; Rebora, Paola; Talvik, Anneli; Salerno, Sabrina; Miszkowska-Nagorna, Eliza & Liu, Xiaoqiu [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2015). A randomized and controlled study of noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring as a guide to drug treatment of uncontrolled hypertensive patients. Journal of Hypertension. ISSN 0263-6352. 33(12), p. 2534–2545. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000749.
• Fadl Elmula, Fadl Elmula M.; Jin, Yu; Yang, Wen-Yi; Thijs, Lutgarde; Lu, Yi-Chao & Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2015). Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of renal denervation in treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Pressure. ISSN 0803-7051. 24(5), p. 263–274. doi: 10.3109/08037051. Show summary

  Objective The blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect of renal sympathetic nervous denervation (RDN) in resistant hyperten- sion (rHT) shows large variation among studies. Methods. We meta-analyzed summary statistics of randomized clinical trials on RDN in rHT. For continuous outcomes, we assessed heterogeneity by Cochran’s Q test and used random-effect models weighted for the inverse of the variance. We assessed safety by assessing the risk of major adverse events from stratified contingency tables. Results. Of 5652 patients screened in seven trials, 985 (17.4%) qualified and were randomized to control ( n 397) or RDN with SYMPLICITY catheters (n 588). Follow-up was 6 months. In both control and RDN patients, antihypertensive treatment was continued or optimized. At enrolment, age averaged 58.1 years, systolic/ diastolic office and 24 h BP 168.5/93.3 mmHg and 151.8/86.1 mmHg, respectively, and estimated glomerular filtrationrate (eGFR) 79.3 ml/min/1.73 m2 For BP outcomes, there was heterogeneity among trials. Pooled effects (control minus RDN) were 4.9/ 3.5 mmHg (95% confidence interval, 20.9 to 11.1/ 8.9 to 1.9) for office BP, 2.8/1.5 mmHg (6.5 to 0.8/3.3 to 0.4) for 24 h BP and 0.81 ml/min/1.73 m (1.69 to 3.30) for eGFR. Removing one trial at a time produced confirmatory results. Adverse events occurred in 7.4% and 9.9% of control and RDN patients, respectively (p 0.24). Conclusion. In selected rHT patients maintained on antihypertensive drugs, RDN with the SYMPLICITY systems does not significantly decrease BP but is safe. Future trials with next-generation catheters should aim at identifying responders in patients with evidence of sympathetic nervous overactivity.

• Okin, Peter M.; Hille, Darcy A.; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Wachtell, Kristian; Kjeldsen, Sverre Erik & Dahlöf, Björn [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2015). Effect of lower on-treatment systolic blood pressure on the risk of atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients. Hypertension. ISSN 0194-911X. 66(2), p. 368–373. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05728.
• Fadl El Mula, Fadl El Mula Mohamed; HOFFMANN, PAVEL; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Fossum, Eigil; Brekke, Magne & Kjeldsen, Sverre Erik [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2014). Adjusted drug treatment is superior to renal sympathetic denervation in patients with true treatment-resistant hypertension. Hypertension. ISSN 0194-911X. 63(5), p. 991–999. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03246.
• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Ariansen, Inger; Gjesdal, Knut; Olsen, Michael H; Ibsen, Hans & Devereux, Richard B [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2012). Association of Pulse Pressure With New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Hypertension and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy The Losartan Intervention For Endpoint (LIFE) Reduction in Hypertension Study. Hypertension. ISSN 0194-911X. 60, p. 347–353. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.195032.
• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Okin, Peter M.; Devereux, Richard B; Olsen, Michael H; Ibsen, Hans & Dahlof, Bjorn [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2012). Regression of ECG-LVH is Associated with Lower Risk of New-Onset Heart Failure and Mortality in Patients with Isolated Systolic Hypertension; The LIFE Study. American Journal of Hypertension. ISSN 0895-7061. 25(10), p. 1101–1109. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2012.86.
• Søraas, Camilla Lund; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mangschau, Arild; Tønnessen, Theis; Kjeldsen, Sverre Erik & Bjørnerheim, Reidar (2011). Echocardiographic demonstration of improved myocardial function early after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery. ISSN 1569-9293. 12(6), p. 946–951. doi: 10.1510/icvts.2010.260414.
• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Okin, PM; Devereaux, RB; Olsen, MH; Ibsen, H & Dahlof, B [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2011). Changes in electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and risk of major cardiovascular events in isolated systolic hypertension: The LIFE study. Journal of Human Hypertension. ISSN 0950-9240. 25, p. 178–185. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2010.52.
• Wiik, Benedicte Pran; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Høieggen, Aud; Kjeldsen, Sverre Erik; Olsen, Michael Hecht & Ibsen, Hans [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2010). Serum uric acid is associated with new-onset diabetes in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: The LIFE Study. American Journal of Hypertension. ISSN 0895-7061. 23(8), p. 845–851. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2010.89.
• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Okin, Peter M.; Devereux, Richard B; Olsen, M. Hecht ; Ibsen, Hans & Dahlöf, Bjørn [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2010). Changes in electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and risk of major cardiovascular events in isolated systolic hypertension: The LIFE Study. Journal of Human Hypertension. ISSN 0950-9240. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2010.52.

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• Hove, Christine; Sæter, Frode Wirum; Stepanov, Alexey; Bøtke-Rasmussen, Kasper Gade; Seeberg, Trine Margrethe & Westgaard, Espen [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2024). EVALUATION OF A PROTOTYPE CUFFLESS MULTI-SENSOR DEVICE TO TRACK BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGES.
• Mariampillai, Julian Eek; Halvorsen, Lene Vernås; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Heimark, Sondre; Waldum-Grevbo, Bård & Kjeldsen, Sverre [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2023). Diabetes og kronisk nyresykdom. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 143(12). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0822.
• Hove, Christine; Heimark, Sondre; Stepanov, Alexey; Boysen, Elin Sundby; Gløersen, Øyvind & Bøtke-Rasmussen, Kasper Gade [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2023). 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement Using a Pulse Arrival Time Based Blood Pressure Model by a Prototype Wearable Sensor.
• Halvorsen, Lene Vernås; Gognstad, Stine; Søraas, Camilla Lund; Ågnes, Camilla; Hjørnholm, Ulla & Kjær, Vibeke Norheim [Show all 21 contributors for this article] (2022). Implications of CYP2D6 polymorphisms for therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with hypertension. Journal of Hypertension. ISSN 0263-6352. 40. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000838764.61491.a8.
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Atar, Dan; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Halvorsen, Sigrun (2020). A single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T compared to the HEART score for a rapid rule-out of acute myocardial infarction at a prehospital emergency clinic . European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 41. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1680.
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Atar, Dan; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Halvorsen, Sigrun (2020). A single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T compared to the HEART score for a rapid rule-out of acute myocardial infarction at a prehospital emergency clinic .
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Atar, Dan & Halvorsen, Sigrun (2020). Fast prehospital rule-out using a high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T assay in a low-prevalence population for Acute Coronary Syndrome (The OUT-ACS study).
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Halvorsen, Sigrun; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Atar, Dan (2019). Prehospital assessment of the One-hoUr rule-in/rule-out algorithm using a high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T assay in a low-prevalence population for Acute Coronary Syndrome (OUT-ACS) (Abstract presentation) . European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 40. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0062.
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Atar, Dan & Halvorsen, Sigrun (2019). Prehospital assessment of the One-hoUr rule-in/rule-out algorithm using a high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T assay in a low-prevalence population for Acute Coronary Syndrome (OUT-ACS study).
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Halvorsen, Sigrun; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Atar, Dan (2019). OUT-ACS studien: Anvendelse av 0/1-times algoritme for høysensitiv hjertespesifikk Troponin-T for avklaring av NSTEMI på Observasjonsposten ved Legevakten i Oslo.
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Halvorsen, Sigrun; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Atar, Dan (2019). Prehospital assessment of the One-hoUr rule-in/rule-out algorithm using a high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T assay in a low-prevalence population for Acute Coronary Syndrome (OUT-ACS) (Abstract presentation) .
• Johannessen, Tonje R.; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Halvorsen, Sigrun; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Atar, Dan (2019). Prehospital assessment of the One-hoUr rule-in/rule-out algorithm using a high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T assay in a low-prevalence population for Acute Coronary Syndrome (OUT-ACS) (Poster og vitenskaplig foredrag) .
• Tjora, Solve; Hall, Trygve Sørdahl; Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Hallen, Jonas & Atar, Dan (2018). Increases in circulating cardiac troponin are not always associated with myocardial cell death. Clinical Laboratory. ISSN 1433-6510. 64(11-12), p. 1961–1962. doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2018.180615.
• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Olsen, Michael H.; Okin, Peter M.; Devereux, Richard B.; Ibsen, Hans & Dahlöf, Björn [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2010). REDUCED ECG-LVH DURING ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY IS ASSOCIATED WITH LESS HOSPITALIZATION FOR HEART FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH ISOLATED SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION. THE LIFE STUDY. Journal of Hypertension. ISSN 0263-6352. 28, p. E1–E1.
• Larstorp, Anne Cecilie Kjeldsen; Wachtell, K; Olsen, MH; Jem, S; Okin, PM & Devereux, RB [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2008). Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The LIFE study. Journal of Hypertension. ISSN 0263-6352. 26, p. S265–S266.

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