Aslaug Christine Gaarder

• Dujardin, Romein W.G.; Kleinveld, Derek J.B.; Van Den Brom, Charissa E.; Geeraedts, Leo M.G.; Beijer, Elise & Gaarder, Aslaug Christine [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2024). Older females have increased mortality after trauma as compared with younger females and males, associated with increased fibrinolysis. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 96(5), p. 831–837. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000004235.
• Bass, Gary Alan; Kaplan, Lewis Jay; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Coimbra, Raul; Klingensmith, Nathan John & Kurihara, Hayato [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2024). European society for trauma and emergency surgery member-identified research priorities in emergency surgery: a roadmap for future clinical research opportunities. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. ISSN 1863-9933. doi: 10.1007/s00068-023-02441-3.
• Giovannini, Sara Capoccia; Podda, Mauro; Ribas, Sonia; Montori, Giulia; Botteri, Emanuele & Agresta, Ferdinando [Show all 52 contributors for this article] (2024). What defines an incisional hernia as ‘complex’: results from a Delphi consensus endorsed by the European Hernia Society (EHS). British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 111(1). doi: 10.1093/bjs/znad346.
• Johansson, Pär I.; Fenger Eriksen, Christian; Bovbjerg, Pernille E.; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Pall, Marlene & Henriksen, Hanne Hee [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2023). Prostacyclin in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 96(3), p. 476–481. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000004150. Full text in Research Archive
• Kachapila, Mwayi; Monahan, Mark; Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O.; Adinoyi, Yakubu Momohsani; Biccard, Bruce M. & George, Christina [Show all 1,785 contributors for this article] (2023). Exploring the cost-effectiveness of high versus low perioperative fraction of inspired oxygen in the prevention of surgical site infections among abdominal surgery patients in three low- and middle-income countries. BJA Open. ISSN 2772-6096. 7. doi: 10.1016/j.bjao.2023.100207. Full text in Research Archive
• Gaski, Iver Anders; Næss, Pål Aksel; Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; Skaga, Nils Oddvar & Gaarder, Aslaug Christine (2023). Achieving balanced transfusion early in critically bleeding trauma patients: An observational study exploring the effect of attending trauma surgical presence during resuscitation. Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open (TSACO). ISSN 2397-5776. 8(1). doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2023-001160. Full text in Research Archive
• Ringen, Amund Hovengen; Fatland, Andrè; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2023). Pediatric renal trauma: 17 years of experience at a major Scandinavian trauma center. Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open (TSACO). ISSN 2397-5776. 8(1). doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2023-001207. Full text in Research Archive
• Schäfer, Christoph; Moksnes, Håkon Øgreid; Rasmussen, Mari Storli; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Søberg, Helene L. & Røise, Olav [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2023). Adherence to Guidelines for Acute Rehabilitation in the Norwegian Trauma Plan. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 55. doi: 10.2340/jrm.v55.6552. Full text in Research Archive
• Moksnes, Håkon Øgreid; Schäfer, Christoph; Rasmussen, Mari Storli; Søberg, Helene L.; Røise, Olav & Anke, Audny Gabriele Wagner [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2023). Functional Outcomes at 6 and 12 Months Post-Injury in a Trauma Centre Population with Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Injuries. Journal of Clinical Medicine. ISSN 2077-0383. 12(16). doi: 10.3390/jcm12165300. Full text in Research Archive
• Wild, Hannah; Marfo, Chris; Mock, Charles; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Gyedu, Adam & Wallis, Lee [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2023). Operative Trauma Courses: A Scoping Review to Inform the Development of a Trauma Surgery Course for Low-Resource Settings. World Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0364-2313. 47(7), p. 1662–1683. doi: 10.1007/s00268-023-06985-8.
• Moksnes, Håkon Øgreid; Schäfer, Christoph; Rasmussen, Mari Storli; Søberg, Helene L.; Røise, Olav & Anke, Audny Gabriele Wagner [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2023). Factors associated with discharge destination from acute care after moderate-to-severe traumatic injuries in Norway: a prospective population-based study. Injury Epidemiology. ISSN 2197-1714. 10. doi: 10.1186/s40621-023-00431-y. Full text in Research Archive
• Ringen, Amund Hovengen; Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Wisborg, Torben; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2023). Close to zero preventable in-hospital deaths in pediatric trauma patients – An observational study from a major Scandinavian trauma center. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 54(1), p. 183–188. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.07.043. Full text in Research Archive
• Næss, Pål Aksel & Gaarder, Aslaug Christine (2022). Hemodynamisk stabil? Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 142(16). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0660.
• Curry, Nicola S.; Davenport, Ross; Wong, Henna; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Johansson, Pär & Juffermans, Nicole P. [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2022). Traumatic coagulopathy in the older patient: analysis of coagulation profiles from the Activation of Coagulation and Inflammation in Trauma-2 (ACIT-2) observational, multicenter study. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. ISSN 1538-7933. 21(2), p. 215–226. doi: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.11.005.
• Vigstedt, Martin; Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; Henriksen, Hanne; Maegele, Marc; Stanworth, Simon & Juffermans, Nicole P. [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2022). Thrombelastography (TEG® 6s) early amplitudes predict maximum amplitude in severely injured trauma patients. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. ISSN 0036-5513. 82(6), p. 508–512. doi: 10.1080/00365513.2022.2119599.
• Reuter, Anna; Rogge, Lisa; Monahan, Mark; Kachapila, Mwayi; Morton, Dion G & Davies, Justine I [Show all 50 contributors for this article] (2022). Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 109(10), p. 995–1003. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znac195. Full text in Research Archive
• Dujardin, Romein W. G.; Kisters, Jeske E. C.; Wirtz, Mathijs R.; Hajji, Najat; Tuip-de Boer, Anita M. & Stensballe, Jakob [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2022). Shock-Driven Endotheliopathy in Trauma Patients Is Associated with Leucocyte Derived Extracellular Vesicles. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. ISSN 1661-6596. 23(24). doi: 10.3390/ijms232415990.
• Scherer, Julian; Coimbra, Raul; Mariani, Diego; Leenen, Luke; Komadina, Radko & Peralta, Ruben [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2022). Standards of fracture care in polytrauma: results of a Europe-wide survey by the ESTES polytrauma section. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. ISSN 1863-9933. doi: 10.1007/s00068-022-02126-3.
• Breen, Jan Mario; Næss, Pål Aksel; Hansen, Trond Boye; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Klemmetsen, Harald & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2022). Young adults in motor vehicle collisions in Norway: user safety errors observed in majority of cases with severe or fatal injuries. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology. ISSN 1547-769X. 18(4), p. 456–469. doi: 10.1007/s12024-022-00541-x. Full text in Research Archive
• Hietbrink, Falco; Mohseni, Shahin; Mariani, Diego; Næss, Pål Aksel; Rey-Valcárcel, Cristina & Biloslavo, Alan [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2022). What trauma patients need: the European dilemma. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. ISSN 1863-9933. doi: 10.1007/s00068-022-02014-w.
• Dujardin, Romein W. G.; Kleinveld, Derek J. B.; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Brohi, Karim; Davenport, Ross A. & Curry, Nicola [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2022). Coagulopathy Underlying Rotational Thromboelastometry Derangements in Trauma Patients: A Prospective Observational Multicenter Study. Anesthesiology. ISSN 0003-3022. 137(2), p. 232–242. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004268.
• Jørgensen, Jørgen Joakim; Monrad-Hansen, Peter Wiel; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2021). Disaster preparedness should represent an augmentation of the everyday trauma system, but are we prepared? Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open (TSACO). ISSN 2397-5776. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2021-000760.
• Tallach, Rosel; Einav, Sharon; Brohi, Karim; Abayajeewa, Kirthi; Abback, Paer-Sellim & Aylwin, Chris [Show all 33 contributors for this article] (2021). Learning from terrorist mass casualty incidents: a global survey. British Journal of Anaesthesia. ISSN 0007-0912. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2021.10.003.
• Saar, Sten; Jørgensen, Jørgen Joakim; Lemma, Aurora; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel & Leppaniemi, Ari [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2021). Selective non-operative management of penetrating abdominal injuries at Northern European trauma centers: the NordiPen Study. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. ISSN 1863-9933. doi: 10.1007/s00068-021-01749-2.
• Breen, Jan Mario; Næss, Pål Aksel; Gaarder, Christine & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2021). Autopsy findings in drivers and passengers from fatal motor vehicle collisions: limited differences in injury patterns and toxicological test results. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology. ISSN 1547-769X. 17(2), p. 235–246. doi: 10.1007/s12024-021-00359-z. Full text in Research Archive
• Søberg, Helene Lundgaard; Moksnes, Håkon Øgreid; Anke, Audny; Røise, Olav; Røe, Ellen-Cecilie Treu & Aas, Eline [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2021). Rehabilitation Needs, Service Provision, and Costs in the First Year Following Traumatic Injuries: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study. JMIR Research Protocols. ISSN 1929-0748. 10(4), p. 1–10. doi: 10.2196/25980. Full text in Research Archive
• Coimbra, Raul; Edwards, Sara; Kurihara, Hayato; Bass, Gary Alan; Balogh, Zsolt J. & Tilsed, Jonathan [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2020). European Society of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES) recommendations for trauma and emergency surgery preparation during times of COVID-19 infection. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. ISSN 1863-9933. 46(3), p. 505–510. doi: 10.1007/s00068-020-01364-7.
• Brooks, Adam; Reilly, John-Joe; Hope, Carla; Navarro, Alex; Næss, Pål Aksel & Gaarder, Christine (2020). Evolution of non-operative management of liver trauma. Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open (TSACO). ISSN 2397-5776. 5(1), p. 1–4. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2020-000551. Full text in Research Archive
• Drake, Thomas M.; Pata, Francesco; Ghosh, Dhruv; Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O; Arnaud, Alexis P & Bhangu, Aneel [Show all 56 contributors for this article] (2020). Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children: an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study. . BMJ Global Health. ISSN 2059-7908. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003429. Show summary

  Introduction Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there is a lack of data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in children and associations between SSI and morbidity across human development settings. Methods A multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort study of children aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty gastrointestinal surgery. Any hospital in the world providing paediatric surgery was eligible to contribute data between January and July 2016. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI by 30 days. Relationships between explanatory variables and SSI were examined using multilevel logistic regression. Countries were stratified into high development, middle development and low development groups using the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Results Of 1159 children across 181 hospitals in 51 countries, 523 (45·1%) children were from high HDI, 397 (34·2%) from middle HDI and 239 (20·6%) from low HDI countries. The 30-day SSI rate was 6.3% (33/523) in high HDI, 12·8% (51/397) in middle HDI and 24·7% (59/239) in low HDI countries. SSI was associated with higher incidence of 30-day mortality, intervention, organ-space infection and other HAIs, with the highest rates seen in low HDI countries. Median length of stay in patients who had an SSI was longer (7.0 days), compared with 3.0 days in patients who did not have an SSI. Use of laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower SSI rates, even after accounting for HDI. Conclusion The odds of SSI in children is nearly four times greater in low HDI compared with high HDI countries. Policies to reduce SSI should be prioritised as part of the wider global agenda. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

• Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; Gall, Lewis; Stensballe, Jakob; Juffermans, Nicole P.; Curry, Nicola & Maegele, Marc [Show all 27 contributors for this article] (2020). Viscoelastic haemostatic assay augmented protocols for major trauma haemorrhage (ITACTIC): a randomized, controlled trial. Intensive Care Medicine. ISSN 0342-4642. p. 49–59. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06266-1. Full text in Research Archive
• Breen, Jan Mario; Næss, Pål Aksel; Hansen, Trond Boye; Gaarder, Christine & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2020). Serious motor vehicle collisions involving young drivers on Norwegian roads 2013–2016: Speeding and driver-related errors are the main challenge. Traffic Injury Prevention. ISSN 1538-9588. 21(6), p. 382–388. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2020.1770237. Full text in Research Archive
• Thomas, Hannah S.; Weiser, Thomas G.; Drake, Thomas M.; Knight, Stephen R.; Fairfield, Cameron & Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O. [Show all 50 contributors for this article] (2019). Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 106(2), p. 103–112. doi: 10.1002/bjs.11051. Full text in Research Archive
• Glasbey, James C.; Adisa, Adewale O.; Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa; Qureshi, Ahmad U.; Allen-Ingabire, Jean C. & Salem, Hosni Khairy [Show all 50 contributors for this article] (2019). Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection. BJS Open. ISSN 2474-9842. 3, p. 403–414. doi: 10.1002/bjs5.50138. Full text in Research Archive
• Ringen, Amund Hovengen; Gaski, Iver Anders; RUSTAD, HEGE; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Gaarder, Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2019). Improvement in geriatric trauma outcomes in an evolving trauma system. Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open (TSACO). ISSN 2397-5776. 4(1), p. 1–5. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2018-000282. Full text in Research Archive
• Gall, Lewis S; Vulliamy, Paul; Gillespie, Scarlett; Jones, Timothy F; Pierre, Rochelle S J & Breukers, Sabine E [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2019). The S100A10 Pathway Mediates an Occult Hyperfibrinolytic Subtype in Trauma Patients. Annals of Surgery. ISSN 0003-4932. 269(6), p. 1184–1191. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002733.
• Juffermans, Nicole P.; Wirtz, Mathijs R; Balvers, Kirsten; Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; van Dieren, Susan & Gaarder, Christine [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2019). Towards patient-specific management of trauma hemorrhage: the effect of resuscitation therapy on parameters of thromboelastometry. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. ISSN 1538-7933. 17(3), p. 441–448. doi: 10.1111/jth.14378.
• Kolstadbråten, Knut Magne; Spreng, Ulrich Johannes; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Gaarder, Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel & Ræder, Johan (2019). Incidence of chronic pain 6 y after major trauma. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-5172. 63(8), p. 1074–1078. doi: 10.1111/aas.13380. Full text in Research Archive
• Laursen, Thomas H.; Meyer, Martin A.S.; Meyer, Anna Sina P.; Gaarder, Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel & Stensballe, Jakob [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2018). Thromboelastography early amplitudes in bleeding and coagulopathic trauma patients: Results froom a multicenter study. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 84(2), p. 334–341. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001735.
• Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; van Dieren, Susan; Balvers, Kirsten; Juffermans, Nicole P.; Næss, Pål Aksel & Rourke, Claire [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2018). Data-driven development of ROTEM and TEG algorithms for the management of trauma hemorrhage: A prospective observational multicenter study. Annals of Surgery. ISSN 0003-4932. 270(6), p. 1178–1185. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002825.
• Gaski, Iver Anders; Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Brooks, Adam; Koyama, Tomohide; Eken, Torsten & Næss, Pål Aksel [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Decreased mortality, laparotomy, and embolization rates for liver injuries during a 13-year period in a majosr Scandinavian trauma center. Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open (TSACO). ISSN 2397-5776. 3. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2018-000205.
• Moore, Lynne; Champion, Howard; O'Reilly, Gerard; Leppaniemi, Ari; Cameron, Peter & Palmer, Cameron [Show all 21 contributors for this article] (2017). Impact of trauma system structure on injury outcomes: A systematic review protocol. Systematic Reviews. ISSN 2046-4053. 6(1). doi: 10.1186/s13643-017-0408-8.
• Moore, Lynne; Champion, Howard; Tardif, Pier-Alexandre; Kuimi, Brice-Lionel; O'Reilly, Gerard & Leppaniemi, Ari [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2017). Impact of Trauma System Structure on Injury Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0364-2313. p. 1–13. doi: 10.1007/s00268-017-4292-0.
• Balvers, K; van Dieren, S; Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; Gaarder, Christine; Brohi, K & Eaglestone, S [Show all 30 contributors for this article] (2017). Combined effect of therapeutic strategies for bleeding injury on early survival, transfusion needs and correction of coagulopathy. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 104(3), p. 222–229. doi: 10.1002/bjs.10330.
• Baksaas-Aasen, Kjersti; Gall, Lewis; Eaglestone, Simon; Rourke, Claire; Juffermans, Nicole P. & Goslings, J. Carel [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2017). iTACTIC - implementing Treatment Algorithms for the Correction of Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy: Study protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Trials. ISSN 1745-6215. 18:486, p. 1–13. doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-2224-9.
• Breen, Jan Mario; Næss, Pål Aksel; Gjerde, Hallvard; Gaarder, Christine & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2017). The significance of preexisting medical conditions, alcohol/drug use and suicidal behavior for drivers in fatal motor vehicle crashes: a retrospective autopsy study. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology. ISSN 1547-769X. 14(1), p. 4–17. doi: 10.1007/s12024-017-9934-x.
• Dehli, Trond; Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Christensen, Bjørn Jostein; Vinjevoll, Ole-Petter; Rolandsen, Bent-Åge & Gaarder, Christine [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2017). Treatment of splenic trauma in Norway: A retrospective cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 25(112). doi: 10.1186/s13049-017-0457-y. Full text in Research Archive
• Gaarder, Christine; Gaski, Iver Anders & Næss, Pål Aksel (2017). Spleen and liver injuries: When to operate? Current Opinion in Critical Care. ISSN 1070-5295. 23(6), p. 520–526. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000458.
• Asehnoune, Karim; Balogh, Zsolt; Citerio, Giuseppe; Cap, Andre; Billiar, Timothy & Stocchetti, Nino [Show all 25 contributors for this article] (2017). The research agenda for trauma critical care. Intensive Care Medicine. ISSN 0342-4642. 43(9), p. 1340–1351. doi: 10.1007/s00134-017-4895-9.
• Young, Victoria Solveig; Eggesbø, Heidi Beate; Gaarder, Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel & Enden, Tone Rønnaug (2017). Radiology response in the emergency department during a mass casualty incident: a retrospective study of the two terrorist attacks on 22 July 2011 in Norway. European Journal of Radiology. ISSN 0720-048X. 27(7), p. 2828–2834. doi: 10.1007/s00330-016-4677-8. Full text in Research Archive
• Gaski, Iver Anders; Barckman, Jeppe; Næss, Pål Aksel; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Madsen, Jan Erik & Kløw, Nils-Einar [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2016). Reduced need for extraperitoneal pelvic packing for severe pelvic fractures is associated with improved resuscitation strategies. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 81(4), p. 644–651. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001139.
• Koyama, Tomohide; Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Engelsen, Peder Christian Grendstad; Eken, Torsten; Gaarder, Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2016). Surgical intervention for paediatric liver injuries is almost history - a 12-year cohort from a major Scandinavian trauma centre. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 24:139, p. 1–5. doi: 10.1186/s13049-016-0329-x.
• Koyama, Tomohide; Hamada, Hirohisa; Nishida, Masamichi; Næss, Pål Aksel; Gaarder, Christine & sakamoto, t (2016). Defining the optimal cut-off values for liver enzymes in diagnosing blunt liver injury. BMC Research Notes. ISSN 1756-0500. 9(1). doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-1863-3.
• Jørgensen, Jørgen Joakim; Næss, Pål Aksel & Gaarder, Christine (2016). Injuries caused by fragmenting rifle ammunition. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 47(9), p. 1951–1954. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.03.023.
• Næss, Pål Aksel; Engeseth, Kristian; Grøtta, Ole Jørgen; Andersen, Geir Øystein & Gaarder, Christine (2016). Minimal invasive treatment of life-treathening bleeding caused by cardiopulmonary resuscitation-associated liver injury: a case report. Journal of Medical Case Reports. ISSN 1752-1947. 10:132, p. 1–4. doi: 10.1186/s13256-016-0926-3. Show summary

  BACKGROUND: Life-threatening bleeding caused by liver injury due to chest compressions is a rare complication in otherwise successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Surgical intervention has been suggested to achieve bleeding control; however, reported mortality is high. In this report, we present a brief literature review and a case report in which use of a less invasive strategy was followed by an uneventful recovery. CASE PRESENTATION: A 37-year-old white woman was admitted after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation was immediately performed, followed by advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation that included tracheal intubation, mechanical chest compressions, and external defibrillation with return of spontaneous circulation. Upon hospital admission, the patient's blood pressure was 94/45 mmHg and her heart rate was 110 beats per minute. Her electrocardiogram showed no signs of ST-segment elevations or Q-wave development. Coronary angiography revealed a proximal thrombotic occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Successful recanalization, after thrombus aspiration and balloon dilation followed by stent implant, was verified with normalized anterograde flow. Immediately after the patient's arrival in the intensive cardiac care unit, a drop in her blood pressure to 60/30 mmHg and a hemoglobin concentration of 4.5 g/dl were noticed. Transfusion was started, and bedside abdominal ultrasound examination revealed free intraperitoneal fluid. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed liver injury with active extravasation from the cranial surface of the right lobe and a massive hemoperitoneum. The patient was coagulopathic and acidotic with a body temperature of 33.5 °C. A minimally invasive treatment strategy, including angiography and selective trans-catheter arterial embolization, were performed in combination with percutaneous evacuation of 4.5 L of intraperitoneal blood. After completion of these procedures, the patient was hemodynamically stable. She was weaned off mechanical ventilation 2 days later and made an uneventful recovery. She was discharged to a local hospital on day 13 without neurological disability. CONCLUSIONS: Although rare, bleeding caused by liver injury due to chest compressions can be life-threatening after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Reported mortality is high after surgical intervention, and patients may benefit from less invasive treatment strategies such as those presented in this case report.

• McDermott, Frank Denis; Kelly, Michael Eamon B.; Warwick, Andrea; Arulampalam, Tan H.A.; Brooks, Adam & Gaarder, Christine [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2016). Problems and solutions in delivering global surgery in the 21st century. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 103(3), p. 165–169. doi: 10.1002/bjs.9961.
• Gaarder, Christine; Holtan, Anders & Næss, Pål Aksel (2015). Prehospital point-of-care monitoring and goal-directed therapy: Does it make a difference? Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 78(6), p. 60–64. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000635.
• Næss, Pål Aksel; Wiborg, Joachim; Kjellevold, Kristin & Gaarder, Christine (2015). Tension gastrothorax: Acute life-threatening manifestation of late onset congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in children. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s13049-015-0129-8.
• Hagemo, Jostein Skjalg; Christiaans, Sarah C.; Stanworth, Simon J.; Brohi, Karim H.; Johansson, Pär I. & Goslings, J. Carel [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). Detection of acute traumatic coagulopathy and massive transfusion requirements by means of rotational thromboelastometry: An international prospective validation study. Critical Care. ISSN 1364-8535. 19(97). doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0823-y.
• Dehli, Trond; Gaarder, Christine; Christensen, Bjørn Jostein; Vinjevoll, Ole-Petter & Wisborg, Torben (2015). Implementation of a trauma system in Norway: a national survey. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-5172. 59(3), p. 384–391. doi: 10.1111/aas.12467. Full text in Research Archive
• Müller, Marcella C.A.; Balvers, Kirsten; Binnekade, Jan M.; Curry, Nicola; Stanworth, Simon & Gaarder, Christine [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2014). Thromboelastometry and organ failure in trauma patients: A prospective cohort study. Critical Care. ISSN 1364-8535. 18:687. doi: 10.1186/s13054-014-0687-6.
• Mansoor, Saira Mauland; Tunold, Jon-Anders; Næss, Pål Aksel; TRONDSEN, ERIK; Gaarder, Christine & Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen (2014). Course in basic surgical skills. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 134(9), p. 935–934. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.13.0737. Show summary

  Abstract BACKGROUND: The Basic Surgical Skills (BSS) course provides an introduction to basic surgical techniques. The course was held in Norway for the first time in 2009. This study was carried out to evaluate the learning outcomes of the course. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The participants from four consecutive courses were invited to take part in the study and were tested in three practical exercises immediately before and after the course. Their performance was measured using an Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) for two of the exercises and by time needed to complete the third exercise. The participants also undertook two self-evaluations of competence on each exercise, one prior to and one after completing the course. RESULTS: A total of 57 out of the 65 course participants were included in the study. The participants' scores were significantly higher for all three practical exercises after course completion, compared with the pre-course score (p < 0.001). The self-evaluations indicated that the participants felt more competent after the course. INTERPRETATION: The study indicates that the BSS course provides better basic surgical skills. In view of the lack of equivalent courses at core surgical training, consideration should be given to introducing this as a compulsory part of the surgical training in Norway.

• Khan, Sirat; Davenport, Ross; Raza, Imran; Glasgow, Simon; De'Ath, Henry D. & Johansson, Pär I. [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2014). Damage control resuscitation using blood component therapy in standard doses has a limited effect on coagulopathy during trauma hemorrhage. Intensive Care Medicine. ISSN 0342-4642. doi: 10.1007/s00134-014-3584-1.
• Skjerven-Martinsen, Marianne; Næss, Pål Aksel; Hansen, Trond Boye; Gaarder, Christine; Lereim, Inggard & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2014). A prospective study of children aged <16 years in motor vehicle collisions in Norway: Severe injuries are observed predominantly in older children and are associated with restraint misuse. Accident Analysis and Prevention. ISSN 0001-4575. 73, p. 151–162. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.09.004.
• Groven, Sigrid; Gaarder, Christine; Eken, Torsten; Skaga, Nils Oddvar & Næss, Pål Aksel (2014). Abdominal injuries in a major Scandinavian trauma center - performance assessment over an 8 year period. Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes. ISSN 1752-2897. 8(1). doi: 10.1186/1752-2897-8-9.
• Khan, Sirat; Brohi, Karim; Chana, Manik; Raza, Imran; Stanworth, Simon J. & Gaarder, Christine [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2014). Hemostatic resuscitation is neither hemostatic nor resuscitative in trauma hemorrhage. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 76(3), p. 561–568. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000146.
• Hagemo, Jostein Skjalg; Stanworth, Simon; Juffermans, Nicole P.; Brohi, Karim; Cohen, Mitchell Jay & Johansson, Pär I. [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2014). Prevalence, predictors and outcome of hypofibrinogenaemia in trauma: A multicentre observational study. Critical Care. ISSN 1364-8535. 18(2). doi: 10.1186/cc13798.
• Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Gaarder, Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2014). Splenic artery embolisation in children and adolescents-An 8 year experience. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 45(1), p. 160–163. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2012.10.015.
• Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Løkke, Ruth J.; Titze, Thomas Larsen; Bechensteen, Anne Grete; Aaberge, Ingeborg Sundsvalen & Osnes, Liv T. N. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2014). Preserved function after angioembolisation of splenic injury in children and adolescents: A case control study. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 45(1), p. 156–159. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2012.10.036.
• Brockamp, Thomas; Maegele, Marc; Gaarder, Christine; Goslings, J Carel; Cohen, Mitchell J & Lefering, Rolf [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2013). Comparison of the predictive performance of the BIG, TRISS, and PS09 score in an adult trauma population derived from multiple international trauma registries. Critical Care. ISSN 1364-8535. 17(4). doi: 10.1186/cc12813.
• Groven, Sigrid; Næss, Pål Aksel; Skaga, Nils Oddvar & Gaarder, Christine (2013). Effects of moving emergency trauma laparotomies from the ED to a dedicated OR. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 21:72. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-21-72.
• Hagemo, Jostein Skjalg; Jørgensen, Jørgen Joakim; Ostrowski, Sisse R.; Holtan, Anders; Gundersen, Yngvar & Johansson, Pär I. [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2013). Changes in fibrinogen availability and utilization in an animal model of traumatic coagulopathy. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 21. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-21-56.
• Hagemo, Jostein Skjalg; Næss, Pål Aksel; Johansson, Pär I.; Windeløv, NA; Cohen, MJ & Røislien, Jo [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2013). Evaluation of TEG (R) and RoTEM (R) inter-changeability in trauma patients. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 44(5), p. 600–605. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2012.11.016.
• Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Næss, Pål Aksel; Eken, Torsten & Gaarder, Christine (2013). Refining the role of splenic angiographic embolization in high-grade splenic injuries. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 74(1), p. 100–103. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31827890b2.
• Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Titze, Thomas Larsen; Dormagen, Johann Baptist; Aaberge, Ingeborg Sundsvalen; Bechensteen, Anne Grete & Gaarder, Per Ivar Brachel [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2012). Preserved splenic function after angioembolisation of high grade injury. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 43(1), p. 62–66. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2010.06.028.
• Kristiansen, Thomas; Ringdal, Kjetil G.; Skotheimsvik, Tarjei; Salthammer, Halvor Kjørholt; Gaarder, Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2012). Implementation of recommended trauma system criteria in south-eastern Norway: a cross-sectional hospital survey. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 20. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-20-5.
• Gaarder, Christine; Jørgensen, Jørgen Joakim; Kolstadbråten, Knut Magne; Isaksen, Knut Steinar; Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen & Rimstad, Rune [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2012). The twin terrorist attacks in Norway on July 22, 2011: The trauma center response. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 73(1), p. 269–275. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31825a787f.
• Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Næss, Pål Aksel & Gaarder, Christine (2012). Non-operative management and immune function after splenic injury. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 99, p. 59–65. doi: 10.1002/bjs.7764.
• Dormagen, Johann Baptist; MEYERDIERKS, OLIVER; Gaarder, Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel; Sandvik, Leiv & Klow, Nils-Einar (2011). Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound of the Injured Spleen After Embolization - Comparison with Computed Tomography. Ultraschall in der Medizin. ISSN 0172-4614. 32(5), p. 485–491. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1246003. Show summary

  Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to computed tomography (CT) in trauma patients after splenic embolization. Materials and Methods: 22 patients (17 male and 5 female) with a mean age of 32 (15 - 57 years) were studied with ultrasound (US), CEUS and CT in 23 early follow-up examinations 5 days (range: 0-12 days) after intervention and 17 late follow-up examinations 69 days (range: 52 - 189 days) after intervention. Perisplenic fluid, hematoma, laceration, infarction, scars and injury grade were evaluated. US and CEUS readings were performed independently by two radiologist, blinded to the CT results. Results: The sensitivity and specificity for CEUS at early follow-up were 85% and 70% for perisplenic fluid, 80% and 94% for subcapsular hematomas, 83% and 73% or lacerations and 75% and 87% for infarctions, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity at late follow-up were 60% and 100% for subcapsular hematomas, 91% and 67% for intrasplenic hematomas, 100% and 93% for lacerations and 89% and 100% for scars, respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity for all lesions were 87% and 88% at early follow-up (n=138) and 85% and 95% at late follow-up (n=102), respectively. Compared to CT, CEUS underestimated the injury grade in 2/40 cases and overestimated the injury grade in 3/40 cases. Conclusion: CEUS is a useful tool for the detection of post-traumatic lesions. It is comparable to CT in follow-up after splenic embolization and may replace CT in follow-up studies.

• Kristiansen, Thomas; Lossius, Hans Morten; Søreide, Kjetil; Steen, Petter Andreas; Gaarder, Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2011). Patients referred to a Norwegian trauma centre: effect of transfer distance on injury patterns, use of resources and outcomes. Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes. ISSN 1752-2897. 5(1). doi: 10.1186/1752-2897-5-9.
• Groven, Sigrid; Næss, Pål Aksel; TRONDSEN, ERIK & Gaarder, Christine (2011). A national survey on temporary and delayed abdominal closure in Norwegian hospitals. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 19. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-19-51.
• Groven, Sigrid; Eken, Torsten; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Røise, Olav; Næss, Pål Aksel & Gaarder, Christine (2011). Long-Lasting Performance Improvement After Formalization of a Dedicated Trauma Service. Journal of Trauma. ISSN 0022-5282. 70(3), p. 569–574. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31820d1a9b.
• Stanworth, Simon J.; Morris, Timothy P.; Gaarder, Christine; Goslings, J. Carel; Maegele, Marc & Cohen, Mitchell J. [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2010). Reappraising the concept of massive transfusion in trauma. Critical Care. ISSN 1364-8535. 14(6). doi: 10.1186/cc9394.
• Frith, D.; Goslings, JC; Gaarder, Christine; Maegele, M.; Cohen, MJ & Allard, S. [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2010). Definition and drivers of acute traumatic coagulopathy: clinical and experimental investigations. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. ISSN 1538-7933. 8(9), p. 1919–1925. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03945.x.
• Gaarder, Christine; Kroepelien, Christian Fredrik; Løkke, Ruth J.; Hestnes, Morten; Dormage, Johnn Baptist & Næss, Pål Aksel (2009). Ultrasound Performed by Radiologists-Confirming the Truth About FAST in Trauma. Journal of Trauma. ISSN 0022-5282. 67(2), p. 323–327. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181a4cd27.

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• Netteland, Dag Ferner; Næss, Pål Aksel; Gaarder, Aslaug Christine & Helseth, Eirik (2024). Letter to the editor. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 32(1). doi: 10.1186/s13049-024-01199-w.
• Søberg, Helene L.; Moksnes, Håkon Øgreid; Anke, Audny Gabriele Wagner; Røise, Olav; Røe, Cecilie & Aas, Eline [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2022). Erratum: Rehabilitation Needs, Service Provision, and Costs in the First Year following Traumatic Injuries: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study ((JMIR Res Protoc (2021) 10: 4 (e25980) DOI: 10.2196/25980). JMIR Research Protocols. ISSN 1929-0748. 11(3). doi: 10.2196/37723.
• Moss, Rob & Gaarder, Christine (2021). Exercising for mass casualty preparedness. British Journal of Anaesthesia. ISSN 0007-0912. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2021.10.016.
• Johansson, Pär I.; Eriksen, Christian Fenger; Schmal, Hagen; Gaarder, Christine; Pall, Marlene & Henriksen, Hanne Hee [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2021). Efficacy and safety of iloprost in trauma patients with haemorrhagic shock-induced endotheliopathy—Protocol for the multicentre randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded, investigator-initiated shine-trauma trial. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-5172. 65(4), p. 551–557. doi: 10.1111/aas.13776.
• Gaarder, Aslaug Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel & Mesquita, Carlos (2020). Editorial ECTES Abstracts 2020. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. ISSN 1863-9933. 46. doi: 10.1007/s00068-020-01384-3.
• Gaarder, Christine; Geisner, Thomas; Hermansen, Stig Eggen; Rolandsen, Bent-Åge; Slåke, Tone Margrethe Saxebøll & Wisborg, Torben (2019). Oppdateringer av nasjonal traumeplan. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 139(17). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0642.
• Breen, Jan Mario; Næss, Pål Aksel; Gjerde, Hallvard; Gaarder, Christine & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2018). Drivers and passengers in fatal motor vehicle collisions: The significance of alcohol/drugs, pre-existing medical conditions and seat belt use. Show summary

  Background: Drivers and passengers represent the largest number of fatalities on the road. To “learn from the dead” aiming to prevent future fatalities, we analyzed the significance of pathology, injuries and toxicological findings in fatal occupants motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). Methods: Forensic autopsy records of MVC occupants in southeast Norway from 2000 through 2014 were studied retrospectively. Data from individual police and collision investigation reports were also collected and analyzed. Results: In total, 406 drivers and 150 passengers had undergone forensic autopsy in the study period, suggesting an autopsy rate of approximately 45%. Eighty-four percent of the drivers were males and 50% had worn seatbelts. Totally 9% of the drivers died from natural causes, 9% were suicides, 65% were culpable accidental deaths, 14% were nonculpable deaths, and 3% were undetermined deaths. Alcohol and/or drugs that indicated impairment at the time of the collision were detected in 50% of culpable drivers aged 35 years and younger. Medical conditions, mostly cardiovascular pathology suggestive of sudden incapacitation prior to the accident were present in 70% of culpable drivers older than 55 years. The 37 natural deaths were all males and died of cardiovascular disease. In 117 passenger fatalities the occupant’s position in the vehicle could be established. Fifty-three percent were males and 62% had used seatbelts. Female passengers used seat belt more frequently than males (p < 0.05). Alcohol above 0.5 g/kg was detected in 30% of front seat passengers of which most were younger than 35 years of age and the fatal accident had occurred during night-time. Multiple injuries involving several body regions and isolated head injuries were the most common causes of death in all occupant groups. With regard to injury patterns no significant differences between drivers, front seat and rear seat passengers were observed. Conclusions: Suicides and natural deaths constitute both significant proportions of MVC fatalities and may be misclassified unless a full inquest including an autopsy is performed. A substantial proportion of young drivers are killed in accidental collisions that may have occurred as a result of either alcohol/drug impairment. Pre-existing medical conditions, most commonly cardiovascular disease, may play a role in fatal crashes involving drivers of older age. The high proportion of alcohol detection and relatively low frequency of belt use among both driver and passenger fatalities highlight the need to continue preventive campaigns and targeted legal action against unsafe driving.

• Wisborg, Torben; Gaarder, Christine; Geisner, Thomas & Rolandsen, Bent-Åge (2017). Ny nasjonal traumeplan. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 137(20), p. 1587–1587. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0792.
• Glambek, Inge; Wisborg, Torben; Wahba, Alexander; Gaarder, Christine; Haaverstad, Rune & Aamodt, Henrik [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2017). Re: Prehospital torakotomi ved traumatisk hjertestans. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 137(3), p. 168–168. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0053.
• Gaarder, Christine & Sunde, Kjetil (2016). The multidisciplinary nature of trauma care: Also in the intensive care unit. Current Opinion in Critical Care. ISSN 1070-5295. 22(6), p. 560–562. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000368.
• Breen, Jan Mario; Næss, Pål Aksel; Hansen, Trond Boye; Gaarder, Christine & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2015). A prospective in-depth study of real-world car collisions involving youth and young adults.
• Breen, Jan Mario; Næss, Pål Aksel; Gaarder, Christine & Stray-Pedersen, Arne (2015). Case characteristics and injury mechanisms in motor vehicle accidents in South East Norway from 2000 to 2014: An autopsy study. Journal of local and global health science. ISSN 2306-0441. 2(2). doi: 10.5339/jlghs.2015.itma.12.
• Hagemo, Jostein Skjalg; Gaarder, Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel; Viksmoen, Yvonne & Heier, Hans Erik (2010). COMPARING TEG (R) AND ROTEM (R) AS POINT-OF-CARE DEVICES IN TRAUMA PATIENTS. Vox Sanguinis. ISSN 0042-9007. 99, p. 437–437.
• Rehn, Marius; Kristiansen, Thomas; Braarud, Anne-Cathrine; Holtan, Anders; Skaga, Nls Oddvar & Strand, Terje [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2010). Nye triagekriterier: Oslo–Akershus Triage Studie (OATS).
• Kristiansen, Thomas; Rehn, Marius; Braarud, Anne-Cathrine; Holtan, Anders; Skaga, Nls Oddvar & Strand, Terje [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2010). NYE TRIAGEKRITERIER: OSLO–AKERSHUS TRIAGE STUDIE (OATS).
• Frith, D.; Stanworth, S; Gaarder, Christine; Maegele, M.; Goslings, C & Johansson, P [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2010). Acute traumatic coagulopathy is dependent upon injury load and shock. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 97, p. 39–40.

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