Marit Haram

• Bramness, Jørgen Gustav; Hjellvik, Vidar; Høye, Anne; Tesli, Martin Steen; Haram, Marit & Nystad, Wenche [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2024). The epidemiology of major depression among adults in Norway: an observational study on the concurrence between population surveys and registry data – a NCDNOR project. BMC Public Health. ISSN 1471-2458. 24(1). doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18754-w.
• Sartorius, Alina Marie; Rokicki, Jaroslav; Birkeland, Siri; Bettella, Francesco; Barth, Claudia & de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2024). An evolutionary timeline of the oxytocin signaling pathway. Communications Biology. ISSN 2399-3642. 7(1). doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-06094-9.
• Tesli, Natalia; Jaholkowski, Piotr Pawel; Haukvik, Unn Kristin Hansen; Jangmo, Andreas; Haram, Marit & Rokicki, Jaroslav [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2023). Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors. Psychiatry Research. ISSN 0165-1781. 331, p. 1–10. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115628.
• Hiller, John Kim; Jangmo, Andreas; Tesli, Martin Steen; Jaholkowski, Piotr Pawel; Hoseth, Eva Zsuzsanna & Steen, Nils Eiel [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Lipid Biomarker Research in Bipolar Disorder: A Scoping Review of Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions. Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science. ISSN 2667-1743. 3(4), p. 594–604. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.07.004. Full text in Research Archive
• Jaholkowski, Piotr; Shadrin, Alexey A.; Jangmo, Andreas; Frei, Evgeniia; Woldeyohannes, Markos Tesfaye & Hindley, Guy F. L. [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2023). Associations Between Symptoms of Premenstrual Disorders and Polygenic Liability for Major Psychiatric Disorders. JAMA psychiatry. ISSN 2168-6238. 80(7), p. 738–742. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.1137.
• Pasman, Joëlle A.; Meijsen, Joeri J.; Haram, Marit; Kowalec, Kaarina; Harder, Arvid & Xiong, Ying [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2023). Epidemiological overview of major depressive disorder in Scandinavia using nationwide registers. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe. ISSN 2666-7762. 29. doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100621. Full text in Research Archive
• Werner, Maren Caroline Frogner; Wirgenes, Katrine Verena; Shadrin, Alexey; Lunding, Synve Hoffart; Rødevand, Linn & Hjell, Gabriela [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2022). Immune marker levels in severe mental disorders: associations with polygenic risk scores of related mental phenotypes and psoriasis. Translational Psychiatry. ISSN 2158-3188. 12(1). doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-01811-6. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Several lines of evidence implicate immune abnormalities in the pathophysiology of severe mental disorders (SMD) and comorbid mental disorders. Here, we use the data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of autoimmune diseases and mental phenotypes associated with SMD to disentangle genetic susceptibilities of immune abnormalities in SMD. We included 1004 patients with SMD and 947 healthy controls (HC) and measured plasma levels of IL-1Ra, sIL-2R, gp130, sTNFR-1, IL-18, APRIL, and ICAM-1. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) of six autoimmune disorders, CRP, and 10 SMD-related mental phenotypes were calculated from GWAS. General linear models were applied to assess the association of PRS with immune marker abnormalities. We found negative associations between PRS of educational attainment and IL-1Ra (P = 0.01) and IL-18 (P = 0.01). There were nominal positive associations between PRS of psoriasis and sgp130 (P = 0.02) and PRS of anxiety and IL-18 (P = 0.03), and nominal negative associations between PRS of anxiety and sIL-2R (P = 0.02) and PRS of educational attainment and sIL-2R (P = 0.03). Associations explained minor amounts of the immune marker plasma-level difference between SMD and HC. Different PRS and immune marker associations in the SMD group compared to HC were shown for PRS of extraversion and IL-1Ra ([interaction effect (IE), P = 0.002), and nominally for PRS of openness and IL-1Ra (IE, P = 0.02) and sTNFR-1 (IE, P = 0.04). Our findings indicate polygenic susceptibilities to immune abnormalities in SMD involving genetic overlap with SMD-related mental phenotypes and psoriasis. Associations might suggest immune genetic factors of SMD subgroups characterized by autoimmune or specific mental features.

• Werner, Maren Caroline Frogner; Wirgenes, Katrine Verena; Shadrin, Alexey; Lunding, Synve Hoffart; Rødevand, Linn & Hjell, Gabriela [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2022). Limited association between infections, autoimmune disease and genetic risk and immune activation in severe mental disorders. Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. ISSN 0278-5846. 116. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110511. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Low-grade inflammation may be part of the underlying mechanism of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We investigated if genetic susceptibility, infections or autoimmunity could explain the immune activation. Methods Seven immune markers were selected based on indicated associations to severe mental disorders (IL-1Ra, sIL-2R, IL-18, sgp130, sTNFR-1, APRIL, ICAM-1) and measured in plasma of patients with schizophrenia (SCZ, N = 732) and bipolar spectrum disorders (BD, N = 460) and healthy controls (HC, N = 938). Information on rate of infections and autoimmune diseases were obtained from Norwegian national health registries for a twelve-year period. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) of SCZ and BD were calculated from genome-wide association studies. Analysis of covariance were used to test effects of infection rate, autoimmune disease and PRS on differences in immune markers between patients and HC. Results Infection rate differed between all groups (BD > HC > SCZ, all p < 0.001) whereas autoimmune disease was more frequent in BD compared to SCZ (p = 0.004) and HC (p = 0.003). sIL-2R was positively associated with autoimmune disease (p = 0.001) and negatively associated with PRS of SCZ (p = 0.006) across SCZ and HC; however, associations represented only small changes in the difference of sIL-2R levels between SCZ and HC. Conclusion There were few significant associations between rate of infections, autoimmune disease or PRS and altered immune markers in SCZ and BD, and the detected associations represented only small changes in the immune aberrations. The findings suggest that most of the low-grade inflammation in SCZ and BD is explained by other factors than the underlying PRS, autoimmunity and infection rates.

• Johansen, Ingrid Torp; Steen, Nils Eiel; Haram, Marit; Rødevand, Linn ; Werner, Maren Caroline Frogner & Lunding, Synve Hoffart [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2022). Sex differences in antipsychotic-related triglyceride levels are associated with metabolic hormone differences in patients with severe mental disorders. Schizophrenia Research. ISSN 0920-9964. 243, p. 55–63. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.02.015. Full text in Research Archive
• Winterton, Adriano; Bettella, Francesco; de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø; Haram, Marit; Steen, Nils Eiel & Westlye, Lars Tjelta [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2021). Oxytocin-pathway polygenic scores for severe mental disorders and metabolic phenotypes in the UK Biobank. Translational Psychiatry. ISSN 2158-3188. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01725-9. Full text in Research Archive
• Valstad, Mathias; Roelfs, Daniel; Slapø, Nora Berz; Timpe, Clara Marie Fides; Rai, Ahsan & Matziorinis, Anna Maria [Show all 24 contributors for this article] (2021). Evidence for Reduced Long-Term Potentiation-Like Visual Cortical Plasticity in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin. ISSN 0586-7614. 47(6), p. 1751–1760. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbab049. Full text in Research Archive
• Birkenæs, Viktoria; Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Høegh, Margrethe Collier; Haram, Marit & Werner, Maren Caroline Frogner [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2021). Telomeres are shorter and associated with number of suicide attempts in affective disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders. ISSN 0165-0327. 295, p. 1032–1039. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.135.
• Benjamin, Silje Beatrice Rognås; Valstad, Mathias; Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn; Jönsson, Erik Gunnar; Moberget, Torgeir & Winterton, Adriano [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2020). Heart rate variability is associated with disease severity in psychosis spectrum disorders. Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. ISSN 0278-5846. 00:110108, p. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110108. Full text in Research Archive
• Werner, Maren Caroline Frogner; Wirgenes, Katrine Verena; Haram, Marit; Bettella, Francesco; Lunding, Synve Hoffart & Rødevand, Linn Nilsen [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2020). Indicated association between polygenic risk score and treatment-resistance in a naturalistic sample of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Schizophrenia Research. ISSN 0920-9964. 218, p. 55–62. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.03.006. Full text in Research Archive
• Nerhus, Mari; Berg, Akiah Ottesen; Simonsen, Carmen Elisabeth; Haram, Marit; Haatveit, Beathe Christin & Dahl, Sandra Rinne [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2017). Vitamin D deficiency associated with cognitive functioning in psychotic disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. ISSN 0160-6689. 78(7), p. e750–e757. doi: 10.4088/JCP.16m10880.
• Mørch, Ragni Helene; Dieset, Ingrid; Færden, Ann; Hope, Sigrun; Aas, Monica & Nerhus, Mari [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2017). Persistent increase in TNF and IL-1 markers in severe mental disorders suggests trait-related inflammation: a one year follow-up study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-690X. 136(4), p. 400–408. doi: 10.1111/acps.12783.
• Haram, Marit; Bettella, Francesco; Brandt, Christine Lycke; Quintana, Daniel; Nerhus, Mari & Bjella, Thomas [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2016). Contribution of oxytocin receptor polymorphisms to amygdala activation in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. BJPsych Open. ISSN 2056-4724. 2(6), p. 353–358. doi: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.003376.
• Quintana, Daniel; Elstad, Maja; Kaufmann, Tobias; Brandt, Christine Lycke; Haatveit, Beathe Christin & Haram, Marit [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2016). Resting-state heart rate variability is related to respiratory frequency in individuals with severe mental illness but not healthy controls. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 6:37212, p. 1–8. doi: 10.1038/srep37212. Full text in Research Archive
• Haram, Marit; Tesli, Martin Steen; Bettella, Franscesco; Djurovic, Srdjan; Andreassen, Ole Andreas & Melle, Ingrid (2015). Association between genetic variation in the oxytocin receptor gene and emotional withdrawal, but not between oxytocin pathway genes and diagnosis in psychotic disorders. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. ISSN 1662-5161. 9, p. 1–7. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00009. Full text in Research Archive
• Haram, Marit; Tesli, Martin Steen; Dieset, Ingrid; Steen, Nils Eiel; Røssberg, Jan Ivar & Djurovic, Srdjan [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2014). An attempt to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms contributing to possible relationships between personality traits and oxytocin-related genes. Neuropsychobiology. ISSN 0302-282X. 69(1), p. 25–30. doi: 10.1159/000356965.
• Steen, Nils Eiel; Methlie, Paal; Lorentzen, Steinar; Dieset, Ingrid; Aas, Monica & Nerhus, Mari [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2014). Altered systemic cortisol metabolism in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research. ISSN 0022-3956. 52(1), p. 57–62. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.01.017.
• Nerhus, Mari; Berg, Akiah Ottesen; Haram, Marit; Kvitland, Levi Røstad; Andreassen, Ole Andreas & Melle, Ingrid (2013). Migrant background and ethnic minority status as predictors for duration of untreated psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry. ISSN 1751-7885. doi: 10.1111/eip.12106. Show summary

  AIM: The aim of the study was to explore if patients with migration and/or ethnic minority background have longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) than patients from the reference population, and in case to what extent this was best explained by ethnic minority status or migration background, including age at migration. METHODS: Four hundred sixty-two first-episode patients were included. The Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Axis I Disorders was used for diagnostic purposes. Patients were interviewed about migration history and ethnicity using structured questionnaires. RESULTS: Being part of an ethnic minority group had a trend-level significance, and migration after the age of 6 had a statistically significant association with prolonged DUP. CONCLUSIONS: Age at migration has a moderate, but statistically significant effect on DUP. The findings indicate migrating after school start is associated with a longer DUP in immigrant populations.

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• Jaholkowski, Piotr Pawel; Haram, Marit & Andreassen, Ole (2023). Etiologic Studies of Premenstrual Disorders Require Prospective Confirmation of Affective Cyclicity - Reply. JAMA psychiatry. ISSN 2168-6238. 80(11), p. 1175–1176. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.3290.
• Kvitland, Levi Røstad; Ringen, Petter Andreas; Aminoff, Sofie Ragnhild; Haram, Marit; Hellvin, Tone & Lagerberg, Trine Vik [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2013). Cannabis use in the early phase of bipolar disorder: clinical characteristics in a cross-sectional sample. Bipolar Disorders. ISSN 1398-5647. 15, p. 118–118.

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